Control#

Introduction #

Control includes methods for timing, program flow, conditional logic, and project termination. These controls let you pause execution, create loops, define logic paths, and end a program. Below is a list of available controls, including methods and core Python keywords:

wait – Pauses execution for a given number of milliseconds or seconds.
for – Repeats code for each item in a sequence.
if – Executes code if a condition is true.
if/else – Runs different code depending on a condition.
if/elif/else – Checks multiple conditions in order.
while – Repeats code while a condition is true.
break – Exits a loop immediately.
stop_program – Ends the running program.
pass – Placeholder used when no action is needed.

wait #

wait pauses for a specific amount of time before moving to the next method.

Usage:
wait(time, units)

Parameters	Description
`time`	The amount of time to wait, as a positive integer.
`units`	Milliseconds `MSEC` (default) or `SECONDS`.

# Turn right for one second
drivetrain.turn(RIGHT)
wait(1, SECONDS)
drivetrain.stop()

for #

for iterates over a sequence (such as a list, tuple, dictionary, set, or string) or any iterable object. It executes the block of code once for each item in the sequence.

Usage:

for value in expression_list:
    pass

Parameters	Description
`value`	A temporary variable that stores the current element in the iteration.
`expression_list`	The collection of elements being looped through (e.g., list, string, range).

# Move in a square path
for index in range(4):
    drivetrain.drive_for(FORWARD, 100, MM)
    drivetrain.turn_for(RIGHT, 90)

if #

if executes the indented block of code if the condition evaluates as True.

Usage:

if condition:
    pass

Parameters	Description
`condition`	An expression or variable that is evaluated when the statement runs. If it evaluates as `True`, the code inside the `if` block executes; if it evaluates as `False`, the block is skipped.

# Turn after the Bumper Switch is pressed
while True:
    if bumper_switch.pressing():
        drivetrain.turn_for(RIGHT, 90)
    wait(0.1, SECONDS)

if/else #

if and else determine which indented block of code runs based on whether the condition evaluates as True or False.

Usage:

if condition:
    pass
else:
    pass

Parameters	Description
`condition`	An expression or variable that is evaluated when the statement runs. If it evaluates as `True`, the code inside the `if` block executes; if it evaluates as `False`, the code inside the `else` block executes instead.

# Turn when the Bumper Switch is pressed
while True:
    if bumper_switch.pressing():
        drivetrain.turn(RIGHT)
    else:
        drivetrain.stop()
    wait(0.1, SECONDS)

if/elif/else #

The if/elif/else structure selects which indented block of code runs based on conditions:

if runs its block if the condition evaluates as True.
elif checks additional conditions only if all previous conditions evaluated as False. Multiple elif statements can be used.
else runs its block only if none of the previous conditions evaluated as True.

Usage:

if condition:
    pass
elif condition:
    pass
else:
    pass

Parameters	Description
`condition`	An expression or variable that is evaluated when the statement runs. The first condition that evaluates as `True` determines which block executes; if none are `True`, the `else` block runs.

# Change the Optical Sensor light while turning
    drivetrain.turn(RIGHT)
    while True:
        if drivetrain.heading() < 120:
            optical_sensor.set_light(LEDStateType.OFF)
        elif drivetrain.heading() < 240:
            optical_sensor.set_light_power(50, PERCENT)
        else:
            optical_sensor.set_light_power(100, PERCENT)
        wait(0.2, SECONDS)

while #

while repeatedly runs methods as long as the condition is True. It can also be used like a “Wait until” by adding not to the condition, as shown in the example below.

Usage:

while condition:
    pass

Parameters	Description
`condition`	An expression or variable that is evaluated before each iteration. If it evaluates as `True`, the loop continues; if it evaluates as `False`, the loop stops.

# Turn when the Bumper Switch is pressed
while True:
    if bumper_switch.pressing():
        drivetrain.turn(RIGHT)
    else:
        drivetrain.stop()
    wait(0.1, SECONDS)

# Turn the other direction when the screen is pressed
drivetrain.turn(LEFT)
while not brain.screen.pressing():
    wait(0.2, SECONDS)
drivetrain.turn(RIGHT)

break #

break is a keyword that exits a loop immediately.

# Stop turning after pressing the screen
while True:
    drivetrain.turn(RIGHT)
    if brain.screen.pressing():
        break
    wait(0.2, SECONDS)
drivetrain.stop()

brain.program_stop #

brain.program_stop ends a running project.

Usage:
brain.program_stop()

Parameters	Description
	This method has no parameters.

# Stop the project after pressing the screen
while True:
    drivetrain.turn(RIGHT)
    if brain.screen.pressing():
        break
    wait(0.2, SECONDS)
brain.program_stop()

pass #

pass is a keyword that acts as a placeholder for future code and can be used to avoid errors in empty loops, conditionals, and functions.

if condition:
    pass

def function():
    pass