Pantalla

Introducción

La pantalla del controlador de drones VEX AIR proporciona métodos para mostrar texto, administrar el cursor, dibujar formas y manejar interacciones táctiles.

A continuación se muestra una lista de todos los métodos disponibles:

Impresión del cursor: muestra el texto utilizando un sistema de filas y columnas.

• print – Prints text at the current cursor position.

• set_cursor – Sets the cursor to a specific row and column.

• next_row – Moves the cursor to column 1 of the next row.

• clear_row – Clears a row of text.

• get_row – Returns the current cursor row.

• get_column – Returns the current cursor column.

Impresión XY: muestra el texto en una coordenada de pantalla específica.

• print_at – Prints text at a specific x and y location.

• set_origin – Sets a new origin for printing and drawing.

Mutadores: limpia la pantalla o actualiza la configuración visual.

• clear_screen – Clears the screen of all drawings and text.

• wait_for_render – Wait for drawing and print commands to render on the screen.

• set_font – Sets the font for printed text.

• set_pen_width – Sets the thickness for drawn shapes and lines.

• set_pen_color – Sets the color for outlines and text.

• set_text_fill_color – Sets the highlight color used when text is printed.

• set_fill_color – Sets the fill color for shapes and backgrounds.

Dibujar – Agregar gráficos e imágenes a la pantalla.

• draw_pixel – Draws a pixel at a specific x and y position.

• draw_line – Draws a line between two points.

• draw_rectangle – Draws a rectangle.

• draw_circle – Draws a circle.

• show_file – Displays an uploaded image.

Táctil: detecta y responde a las pulsaciones de la pantalla.

• pressing – Returns whether the screen is currently being pressed.

• x_position – Returns the x-coordinate where the screen is pressed.

• y_position – Returns the y-coordinate where the screen is pressed.

Devolución de llamada: ejecuta funciones cuando se presiona o suelta la pantalla.

• pressed – Registers a function to call when the screen is pressed.

• released – Registers a function to call when the screen is released.

Cursor Imprimir

print

print displays text on the controller’s screen at the current cursor position and font.

Usage:
controller.screen.print(text)

Parámetros	Descripción
text	El texto, número o valor de variable que se mostrará en la pantalla.
sep	Optional. The separator between printed text. By default, sep = ’ ‘
end	Optional. The string appended after the last printed text. By default, end = ‘\n’
precision	Optional. The number of decimals a float will print with as an integer. By default, precision = 5

# Display a message at the starting cursor position.
controller.screen.print("Time to fly!")

# Display the first 2 decimals of pi
controller.screen.print(3.1415, precision = 2)

set_cursor

set_cursor places the text cursor at a specific row and column on the screen. The number of rows and columns that fit depends on the selected font. With the default monospaced medium font, the screen can clearly display up to 11 rows and 53 columns. Text placed beyond this range may be cut off or harder to read.

Usage:
controller.screen.set_cursor(row, col)

Parámetros	Descripción
row	La fila del cursor.
column	La columna del cursor.

# Display text starting at Row 7 Column 25.
controller.screen.set_cursor(row=7, col=25)
controller.screen.print("Row 7, Column 25")

next_row

next_row moves the cursor to column 1 on the next row on the controller’s screen.

Usage:
controller.screen.next_row()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

# Display two lines of text.
controller.screen.print("Line 1")
controller.screen.next_row()
controller.screen.print("Line 2")

clear_row

clear_row clears a row of text on the controller’s screen.

Usage:
controller.screen.clear_row(row, color)

Parámetro	Descripción
row	Opcional. La fila que se va a borrar. El valor predeterminado es la fila actual del cursor.
color	Optional. The color to apply to the cleared row. If a color is not specified, the set_fill_color is used. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Clear only the second row of text
controller.screen.print("This text stays")
controller.screen.next_row()
controller.screen.print("This text disappears")
wait(3, SECONDS)
controller.screen.clear_row(2)

# Turn the 5th row green.
controller.screen.clear_row(5, GREEN)

get_row

get_row returns the current row where text will be printed, as an integer.

Usage:
controller.screen.get_row()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

# Display the cursor's current row.
controller.screen.set_cursor(row=7, col=25)
controller.screen.print(controller.screen.get_row())

get_column

get_column returns the current column where text will be printed, as an integer.

Usage:
controller.screen.get_column()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

# Display the cursor's current column.
controller.screen.set_cursor(row=7, col=25)
controller.screen.print(controller.screen.get_column())

Impresión XY

print_at

print_at displays text on the robot’s screen at a specific (x, y) position in pixels, using the current font and origin. x sets how far from the left side the text begins, and y sets where the bottom of the letters sit. This method disregards the current cursor position.

Usage:
controller.screen.print_at(text, x, y)

Parámetro	Descripción
text	El texto, número o valor de variable que se mostrará en la pantalla.
x	La posición horizontal del texto, como un entero de 0 a 640 píxeles. 0 es izquierda; 640 es derecha.
y	La posición vertical del texto, como un entero de 0 a 480 píxeles. 0 es la parte superior; 480 es la parte inferior.

# Display a message in the middle of the screen.
controller.screen.print_at("Hello, drone!", x=320, y=240)

set_origin

set_origin sets the origin (0, 0) used for drawing or printing on the controller’s screen. By default, drawing or printing methods consider the top left corner of the screen as the origin. This method can reset the origin to an alternate (x, y) screen coordinate location.

Usage:
controller.screen.set_origin(x, y)

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La nueva coordenada x que se establecerá como origen, expresada como un entero de 0 a 640.
y	La nueva coordenada y que se establecerá como origen, expresada como un número entero entre 0 y 480.

# Set the origin to the center of the screen.
controller.screen.set_origin(x=320, y=240)

# Draw a rectangle at the new origin.
controller.screen.draw_rectangle(x=0, y=0, width=80, height=40)

Mutadores

clear_screen

clear_screen clears the controller’s screen of all drawings, text, and images.

Usage:
controller.screen.clear_screen(row, col, color)

Parámetro	Descripción
row	Opcional. La posición x donde se colocará el cursor después de borrar la pantalla. El valor predeterminado es 1.
col	Opcional. La posición y donde se colocará el cursor después de borrar la pantalla. El valor predeterminado es 1.
color	Optional. Sets the screen color. To use, you must include all three optional parameters. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw a circle, and clear it after 2 seconds.
controller.screen.draw_circle(x=320, y=240, radius=80)
wait(2, SECONDS)
controller.screen.clear_screen()

# Print two messages in the same spot
controller.screen.print("Hello!")
wait(3,SECONDS)
controller.screen.clear_screen(row=1, col=1)
controller.screen.print("Goodbye!")

# Set the background color of the screen to red.
controller.screen.clear_screen(RED)

wait_for_render

wait_for_render prevents any following commands from running until all previous drawing and print commands on the screen have finished rendering.

Usage:
controller.screen.wait_for_render()

Parámetro	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

# Display text and images when button 7 is pressed.
controller.screen.wait_for_render()
controller.screen.print("Screen rendered!")
controller.screen.draw_circle(x=320, y=240, radius=80)
while not controller.button7.pressing():
    wait(5, MSEC)
controller.screen.wait_for_render()

set_font

set_font sets the font used for displaying text on the controller’s screen. This font will apply to all text printed with print or print_at. The default font at the start of a project is MONO20.

Usage:
controller.screen.set_font(fontname)

Parámetro	Descripción
fontname	Sets the font to one of the following: MONO12 MONO15 MONO20 MONO24 MONO30 MONO36 MONO40 MONO60 PROP20 PROP24 PROP30 PROP36 PROP40 PROP60

MONO12	MONO15	MONO20
MONO24	MONO30	MONO36
MONO40	MONO60	PROP20
PROP24	PROP30	PROP36
PROP40	PROP60

# Display text using a larger font.
controller.screen.set_font(MONO40)
controller.screen.print("VEX")

set_pen_width

set_pen_width sets the pen width used for drawing lines and shapes.

Usage:
controller.screen.set_pen_width(width)

Parámetro	Descripción
width	El ancho del lápiz, expresado como un número entero en píxeles.

# Draw a rectangle with a pen width of 10.
controller.screen.set_pen_width(10)
controller.screen.draw_rectangle(x=200, y=200, width=200, height=80)

set_pen_color

set_pen_color sets the pen color used for drawing lines, shapes, and printing text.

Usage:
controller.screen.set_pen_color(color)

Parámetro	Descripción
color	Optional. Sets the pen color. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw a rectangle with an orange outline.
controller.screen.set_pen_color(ORANGE)
controller.screen.draw_rectangle(x=200, y=150, width=240, height=150)
controller.screen.set_pen_color(WHITE)
controller.screen.print_at("VEXcode AIR", x=250, y=220)

set_text_fill_color

set_text_fill_color sets the highlight color used when text is printed. The default highlight color is transparent.

Usage:
controller.screen.set_text_fill_color(color)

Parámetro	Descripción
color	Optional. Sets the text highlight color. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Display two colors behind text
controller.screen.set_text_fill_color(RED)
controller.screen.print("Red")
controller.screen.next_row()
controller.screen.set_text_fill_color(BLUE)
controller.screen.print("Blue")

Captura de pantalla de la pantalla del controlador del dron VEX AIR con dos líneas de texto impresas en la esquina superior izquierda. La primera dice “Rojo” en texto blanco con resaltado rojo, la segunda, justo debajo, dice “Azul” en texto blanco con resaltado azul.

set_fill_color

set_fill_color sets the fill color used when shapes are drawn. The default fill color is black.

Usage:
controller.screen.set_fill_color(color)

Parámetro	Descripción
color	Optional. Sets the fill color. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw an orange-filled rectangle with text on top
controller.screen.set_fill_color(ORANGE)
controller.screen.draw_rectangle(x=200, y=150, width=250, height=150)
controller.screen.print_at("VEXcode AIR", x=250, y=220)

Dibujar

draw_pixel

draw_pixel draws a pixel at the specified (x, y) screen coordinate in the current pen color. It uses the current pen color set by set_pen_color.

Usage:
controller.screen.draw_pixel(x, y)

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La coordenada x donde se dibujará el píxel, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 640.
y	La coordenada y donde se dibujará el píxel, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 480.

# Draw five pixels in a diagonal.
controller.screen.draw_pixel(x=360, y=200)
controller.screen.draw_pixel(x=340, y=220)
controller.screen.draw_pixel(x=320, y=240)
controller.screen.draw_pixel(x=300, y=260)
controller.screen.draw_pixel(x=280, y=280)

draw_line

draw_line draws a line from the first specified screen coordinate (x1, y1) to the second specified screen coordinate (x2, y2). It uses the current the pen width set by set_pen_width and pen color set by set_pen_color.

The x and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0, 0) unless a different origin has been set using set_origin.

Usage:
controller.screen.draw_line(x1, y1, x2, y2)

Parámetro	Descripción
x1	La coordenada x inicial de la línea, expresada como un número entero entre 0 y 640.
y1	La coordenada y inicial de la línea, expresada como un número entero entre 0 y 480.
x2	La coordenada x final de la línea, expresada como un número entero entre 0 y 640.
y2	La coordenada y final de la línea, expresada como un número entero entre 0 y 480.

# Make an X across the screen.
controller.screen.draw_line(x1=0, y1=0, x2=640, y2=480)
controller.screen.set_pen_color(CYAN)
controller.screen.draw_line(x1=0, y1=480, x2=640, y2=0)

draw_rectangle

draw_rectangle draws a rectangle with its top-left corner at the specified (x, y) coordinate and a size determined by the given width and height, all measured in pixels. The rectangle’s outline is drawn using the current pen width set by set_pen_width and the pen color set by set_pen_color. The interior is filled with the color set by set_fill_color.

The x and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0, 0) unless a different origin has been set using set_origin.

Usage:
controller.screen.draw_rectangle(x, y, width, height, color)

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La coordenada x de la esquina superior izquierda del rectángulo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 640.
y	La coordenada y de la esquina superior izquierda del rectángulo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 480.
width	El ancho del rectángulo, expresado como un número entero de 0 a 640.
height	La altura del rectángulo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 480.
color	Optional. Sets the fill color of the rectangle. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw two rectangles on the screen.
controller.screen.draw_rectangle(x=0, y=0, width=620, height=460)
controller.screen.draw_rectangle(x=200, y=180, width=200, height=100, color=GREEN)

draw_circle

draw_circle draws a circle with its center at the specified (x, y) coordinate and a size determined by the given radius, all measured in pixels. The circle’s outline is drawn using the current pen width set by set_pen_width and the pen color set by set_pen_color. The interior is filled with the color set by set_fill_color.

The x and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0, 0) unless a different origin has been set using set_origin.

Usage:
controller.screen.draw_circle(x, y, radius, color)

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La coordenada x del centro del círculo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 640.
y	La coordenada y del centro del círculo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 480.
radius	El radio del círculo, expresado como un número entero de 0 a 480 píxeles.
color	Optional. Sets the fill color of the circle. Options include: BLAC BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw one green circle on the screen.
controller.screen.set_fill_color(GREEN)
controller.screen.draw_circle(x=320, y=240, radius=200, color=GREEN)

show_file

show_file draws a custom uploaded image on the controller’s screen, with its position set using the x, y, and center parameters based on the image’s reference point.

Usage:
controller.screen.show_file(file, x, y, scale_width, scale_height, rotate, use_alpha)

Parámetro	Descripción
file	La imagen subida por el usuario que se usará. Las opciones cambiarán si se editan los nombres de las imágenes en el Panel de control.
x	El desplazamiento horizontal de la imagen, expresado como un entero en píxeles. Los valores positivos lo desplazan hacia la derecha; los negativos, hacia la izquierda.
y	El desplazamiento vertical de la imagen, expresado como un entero en píxeles. Los valores positivos lo desplazan hacia abajo; los negativos, hacia arriba.
scale_width	Opcional. El ancho de la imagen a la que se escala, expresado como un entero en píxeles.
scale_height	Opcional. La altura de la imagen a la que se escala, expresada como un entero en píxeles.
rotation	Opcional. El grado de rotación de la imagen, expresado como un número entero entre 0 y 359.
use_alpha	Optional. Use alpha channel for image to show transparent. Options include: True False

# Display uploaded Image 1 in the top left corner.
controller.screen.show_file(IMAGE1, x=0, y=0)

# Display uploaded Image 1 scaled to the full screen.
controller.screen.show_file(IMAGE1, x=65, y=0, scale_width=640, scale_height=480)

# Display uploaded Image 1 with rotation of 180 degrees.
controller.screen.show_file(IMAGE1, x=-65, y=0, rotation=180)

# Upload an image with a transparent background.
# Display uploaded Image 1 with alpha channel enabled.
controller.screen.show_file(IMAGE1, x=0, y=0, use_alpha=True)

Tocar

pressing

pressing returns whether the controller’s screen is currently being pressed as a Boolean:

• True – The screen is being pressed.

• False – The screen is not being pressed.

Usage:
controller.screen.pressing()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

# Play a sound when the screen is pressed.
while True:
    if controller.screen.pressing():
        controller.sound.play_note("C5", 500)
    wait(5, MSEC)

# Display different messages after the screen is pressed
while not controller.screen.pressing():
    wait(5, MSEC)
controller.screen.print("First message!")
controller.screen.next_row()
# Lift finger to press the screen again
while controller.screen.pressing():
    wait(5, MSEC)
while not controller.screen.pressing():
    wait(5, MSEC)
controller.screen.print("Second message!")
controller.screen.next_row()

x_position

x_position returns the x-coordinate in pixels where the screen was pressed, as an integer from 0 (left) to 640 (right).

Usage:
controller.screen.x_position()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

# Play a high or low note based on where screen is pressed.
while True:
    if controller.screen.pressing():
        if controller.screen.x_position() > 320:
            controller.sound.play_note("C6", 500)
        else:
            controller.sound.play_note("C4", 500)
    wait(5, MSEC)

y_position

y_position returns the y-coordinate in pixels where the screen was pressed, as an integer from 0 (top) to 480 (bottom).

Usage:
controller.screen.y_position()

# Play a high or low note based on where screen is pressed.
while True:
    if controller.screen.pressing():
        if controller.screen.y_position() > 240:
            controller.sound.play_note("C6", 500)
        else:
            controller.sound.play_note("C4", 500)
    wait(5, MSEC)

Llamar de vuelta

pressed

pressed registers a method to be called when the controller’s screen is pressed.

Usage:
controller.screen.pressed(callback, arg)

Parámetros	Descripción
callback	Una función que se define previamente para ejecutarse cuando cambia el valor del eje.
arg	Opcional. Una tupla que contiene los argumentos que se pasan a la función de devolución de llamada. Consulte Uso de funciones con parámetros para obtener más información.

# Play a sound when the screen is pressed.
def play_sound():
    controller.sound.play_note("C5", 500)

controller.screen.pressed(play_sound)

released

released registers a method to be called when the screen is no longer being pressed.

Usage:
controller.screen.released(callback, arg)

Parámetros	Descripción
callback	Una función que se define previamente para ejecutarse cuando cambia el valor del eje.
arg	Opcional. Una tupla que contiene los argumentos que se pasan a la función de devolución de llamada. Consulte Uso de funciones con parámetros para obtener más información.

# Play a sound when the screen is pressed.
def play_sound():
    controller.sound.play_note("C5", 500)
    
controller.screen.released(play_sound)