屏幕

介绍

屏幕方法控制 VEX AIR 无人机控制器如何在屏幕上显示文本、数字、图形和图像，以及如何响应屏幕按键。

以下是可用方法列表：

光标打印 – 显示文本并管理打印光标。

• print – Prints text, numbers, or variable values at the current cursor position.

• set_cursor – Moves the cursor to a specific row and column.

• next_row – Moves the cursor to column 1 of the next row.

• clear_row – Clears a row of text.

• get_row – Returns the row where text will be printed.

• get_column – Returns the column where text will be printed.

XY 打印 – 根据像素坐标打印文本。

• print_at – Prints text, numbers, or variable values at a specific x and y coordinate.

• set_origin – Sets the origin used for coordinate-based printing and drawing.

修改器 – 更改屏幕设置、颜色和绘制行为。

• clear_screen – Clears all drawings, text, and images from the controller screen.

• wait_for_render – Switches screen drawing to render-later behavior.

• set_font – Sets the font for printed text.

• set_pen_width – Sets the thickness of drawn lines and shape outlines.

• set_pen_color – Sets the color of text, pixels, lines, and shape outlines.

• set_text_fill_color – Sets the fill color behind printed text.

• set_fill_color – Sets the fill color for drawn shapes.

绘图——在屏幕上添加图形和图像。

• draw_pixel – Draws one pixel at a specific x and y position.

• draw_line – Draws a line between two points.

• draw_rectangle – Draws a rectangle using the current pen and fill colors.

• draw_circle – Draws a circle using the current pen and fill colors.

• show_file – Draws an uploaded image.

触摸——检测并响应屏幕按压。

• pressing – Returns whether the screen is currently being pressed.

• x_position – Returns the x-coordinate of the last screen press.

• y_position – Returns the y-coordinate of the last screen press.

回调函数——在屏幕被按下或释放时运行的函数。

• pressed – Registers a function to call when the screen is pressed.

• released – Registers a function to call when the screen is released.

光标打印

print

print prints text, numbers, or variable values on the controller screen at the current cursor position and font.

Usage:
controller.screen.print(text)

参数	描述
text	要在屏幕上打印的文本、数字或变量值。
sep	Optional. The separator between printed text. By default, sep = ’ ‘
end	Optional. The string appended after the last printed text. By default, end = ‘\n’
precision	Optional. The number of decimals a float will print with as an integer. By default, precision = 5

# Display a message at the starting cursor position.
controller.screen.print("Time to fly!")

# Display the first 2 decimals of pi
controller.screen.print(3.1415, precision = 2)

set_cursor

set_cursor moves the cursor to a specific row and column on the controller screen. The next print call will start printing at that location. The row and column spacing will take into account the selected font. With the default monospaced medium font, the screen can clearly display up to 18 rows and 53 columns. Text placed beyond this range may be cut off or harder to read.

Usage:
controller.screen.set_cursor(row, col)

参数	描述
row	要将光标移动到的行。
column	要将光标移动到的列。

# Display text starting at Row 7 Column 25.
controller.screen.set_cursor(row=7, col=25)
controller.screen.print("Row 7, Column 25")

next_row

next_row moves the cursor to column 1 on the next row on the controller screen.

Usage:
controller.screen.next_row()

参数	描述
	该方法没有参数。

# Display two lines of text.
controller.screen.print("Line 1")
controller.screen.next_row()
controller.screen.print("Line 2")

clear_row

clear_row clears a row of text on the controller screen.

Usage:
controller.screen.clear_row(row, color)

范围	描述
row	可选。要清除的行。默认值为当前光标所在行。
color	Optional. The color to apply to the cleared row. If a color is not specified, the set_fill_color is used. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Clear only the second row of text
controller.screen.print("This text stays")
controller.screen.next_row()
controller.screen.print("This text disappears")
wait(3, SECONDS)
controller.screen.clear_row(2)

# Turn the 5th row green.
controller.screen.clear_row(5, GREEN)

get_row

get_row returns the current row where text will be printed, as an integer.

Usage:
controller.screen.get_row()

参数	描述
	该方法没有参数。

# Display the cursor's current row.
controller.screen.set_cursor(row=7, col=25)
controller.screen.print(controller.screen.get_row())

get_column

get_column returns the current column where text will be printed, as an integer.

Usage:
controller.screen.get_column()

参数	描述
	该方法没有参数。

# Display the cursor's current column.
controller.screen.set_cursor(row=7, col=25)
controller.screen.print(controller.screen.get_column())

XY打印

print_at

print_at prints text, numbers, or variable values on the controller screen at a specific (x, y) position in pixels, using the current font and origin. x sets how far from the left side the text begins, and y sets where the bottom of the letters sit. This method disregards the current cursor position.

Usage:
controller.screen.print_at(text, x, y)

范围	描述
text	要在屏幕上打印的文本、数字或变量值。
x	文本的水平位置，以 0 到 640 像素之间的整数表示。0 为左；640 为右。
y	文本的垂直位置，以 0 到 480 像素之间的整数表示。0 表示顶部；480 表示底部。

# Display a message in the middle of the screen.
controller.screen.print_at("Hello, drone!", x=320, y=240)

set_origin

set_origin sets the origin (0, 0) used for drawing and coordinate-based printing on the controller screen. By default, the origin is the top-left corner of the screen. This method can reset the origin to an alternate (x, y) screen coordinate location.

Usage:
controller.screen.set_origin(x, y)

范围	描述
x	设置为原点的新 x 坐标，以 0 到 640 之间的整数形式给出。
y	设置为原点的新 y 坐标，以 0 到 480 之间的整数形式给出。

# Set the origin to the center of the screen.
controller.screen.set_origin(x=320, y=240)

# Draw a rectangle at the new origin.
controller.screen.draw_rectangle(x=0, y=0, width=80, height=40)

修改器

clear_screen

clear_screen clears all drawings, text, and images from the controller screen.

Usage:
controller.screen.clear_screen(row, col, color)

范围	描述
row	可选。清除屏幕后光标移动到的行。默认值为 1。
col	可选。清除屏幕后光标移动到的列。默认值为 1。
color	Optional. Sets the screen color. If row and col are included, use color as the third argument. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw a circle, and clear it after 2 seconds.
controller.screen.draw_circle(x=320, y=240, radius=80)
wait(2, SECONDS)
controller.screen.clear_screen()

# Print two messages in the same spot
controller.screen.print("Hello!")
wait(3,SECONDS)
controller.screen.clear_screen(row=1, col=1)
controller.screen.print("Goodbye!")

# Set the background color of the screen to red.
controller.screen.clear_screen(color=RED)

wait_for_render

wait_for_render switches screen drawing to render-later behavior. Once this method runs, following screen commands will not appear on the controller screen until the next wait_for_render method runs.

**注意：**在绘制一组文本、形状或图像之前使用此方法，然后再次使用此方法可一次性渲染完整的更新。

Usage:
controller.screen.wait_for_render()

范围	描述
	该方法没有参数。

# Display text and images when button 7 is pressed.
controller.screen.wait_for_render()
controller.screen.print("Screen rendered!")
controller.screen.draw_circle(x=320, y=240, radius=80)
while not controller.button7.pressing():
    wait(5, MSEC)
controller.screen.wait_for_render()

set_font

set_font sets the font used for displaying text on the controller screen. This font will apply to all text printed after this method runs. The default font at the start of a project is MONO20.

Usage:
controller.screen.set_font(fontname)

范围	描述
fontname	Sets the font to one of the following: MONO12 MONO15 MONO20 MONO24 MONO30 MONO36 MONO40 MONO60 PROP20 PROP24 PROP30 PROP36 PROP40 PROP60

MONO12	MONO15	MONO20
MONO24	MONO30	MONO36
MONO40	MONO60	PROP20
PROP24	PROP30	PROP36
PROP40	PROP60

# Display text using a larger font.
controller.screen.set_font(MONO40)
controller.screen.print("VEX")

set_pen_width

set_pen_width sets the thickness of drawn lines and shape outlines.

Usage:
controller.screen.set_pen_width(width)

范围	描述
width	笔的宽度，以像素为单位的整数表示。

# Draw a rectangle with a pen width of 10.
controller.screen.set_pen_width(10)
controller.screen.draw_rectangle(x=200, y=200, width=200, height=80)

set_pen_color

set_pen_color sets the color of text, pixels, lines, and shape outlines.

Usage:
controller.screen.set_pen_color(color)

范围	描述
color	Optional. Sets the pen and font color. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw a rectangle with an orange outline.
controller.screen.set_pen_color(ORANGE)
controller.screen.draw_rectangle(x=200, y=150, width=240, height=150)
controller.screen.set_pen_color(WHITE)
controller.screen.print_at("VEXcode AIR", x=250, y=220)

set_text_fill_color

set_text_fill_color sets the fill color behind printed text. The default text fill color is transparent.

Usage:
controller.screen.set_text_fill_color(color)

范围	描述
color	Optional. Sets the text fill color. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Display two colors behind text
controller.screen.set_text_fill_color(RED)
controller.screen.print("Red")
controller.screen.next_row()
controller.screen.set_text_fill_color(BLUE)
controller.screen.print("Blue")

set_fill_color

set_fill_color sets the fill color used when shapes are drawn. The default fill color is black.

Usage:
controller.screen.set_fill_color(color)

范围	描述
color	Optional. Sets the fill color. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw an orange-filled rectangle with text on top
controller.screen.set_fill_color(ORANGE)
controller.screen.draw_rectangle(x=200, y=150, width=250, height=150)
controller.screen.print_at("VEXcode AIR", x=250, y=220)

画

draw_pixel

draw_pixel draws one pixel at the selected x and y coordinate using the current pen color.

Usage:
controller.screen.draw_pixel(x, y)

范围	描述
x	将绘制像素的 x 坐标，以 0 到 640 之间的整数表示。
y	将绘制像素的 y 坐标，以 0 到 480 之间的整数表示。

# Draw five pixels in a diagonal.
controller.screen.draw_pixel(x=360, y=200)
controller.screen.draw_pixel(x=340, y=220)
controller.screen.draw_pixel(x=320, y=240)
controller.screen.draw_pixel(x=300, y=260)
controller.screen.draw_pixel(x=280, y=280)

draw_line

draw_line draws a line from the first screen coordinate (x1, y1) to the second screen coordinate (x2, y2) using the current pen width and pen color.

The x and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0, 0) unless a different origin has been set using set_origin.

Usage:
controller.screen.draw_line(x1, y1, x2, y2)

范围	描述
x1	线的起始 x 坐标，以 0 到 640 之间的整数表示。
y1	线的起始 y 坐标，以 0 到 480 之间的整数表示。
x2	线的结束 x 坐标，以 0 到 640 之间的整数表示。
y2	线的结束 y 坐标，以 0 到 480 之间的整数表示。

# Make an X across the screen.
controller.screen.draw_line(x1=0, y1=0, x2=640, y2=480)
controller.screen.set_pen_color(CYAN)
controller.screen.draw_line(x1=0, y1=480, x2=640, y2=0)

draw_rectangle

draw_rectangle draws a rectangle using the current pen width, pen color, and fill color, unless the optional color parameter is used.

The x and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0, 0) unless a different origin has been set using set_origin.

Usage:
controller.screen.draw_rectangle(x, y, width, height, color)

范围	描述
x	矩形左上角的 x 坐标，以 0 到 640 之间的整数表示。
y	矩形左上角的 y 坐标，以 0 到 480 之间的整数表示。
width	矩形的宽度，以 0 到 640 之间的整数表示。
height	矩形的高度，以 0 到 480 之间的整数表示。
color	Optional. Sets the fill color of the rectangle. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw two rectangles on the screen.
controller.screen.draw_rectangle(x=0, y=0, width=620, height=460)
controller.screen.draw_rectangle(x=200, y=180, width=200, height=100, color=GREEN)

draw_circle

draw_circle draws a circle using the current pen width, pen color, and fill color, unless the optional color parameter is used.

The x and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0, 0) unless a different origin has been set using set_origin.

Usage:
controller.screen.draw_circle(x, y, radius, color)

范围	描述
x	圆心的 x 坐标，以 0 到 640 之间的整数表示。
y	圆心的 y 坐标，以 0 到 480 之间的整数表示。
radius	圆的半径，以 0 到 480 像素之间的整数表示。
color	Optional. Sets the fill color of the circle. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw one green circle on the screen.
controller.screen.set_fill_color(GREEN)
controller.screen.draw_circle(x=320, y=240, radius=200, color=GREEN)

show_file

show_file draws a custom uploaded image on the controller screen at an x and y position, with optional scaling, rotation, and alpha transparency.

Usage:
controller.screen.show_file(file, x, y, scale_width, scale_height, rotation, use_alpha)

范围	描述
file	要使用的用户上传的图片。如果在控制面板中编辑了图片名称，选项将会更改。
x	图像的水平偏移量，以像素为单位的整数形式指定。正值表示向右移动；负值表示向左移动。
y	图像的垂直偏移量，以像素为单位的整数形式指定。正值表示向下移动；负值表示向上移动。
scale_width	可选。要缩放的图像宽度，以像素为单位的整数形式给出。
scale_height	可选。要缩放的图像高度，以像素为单位的整数形式给出。
rotation	可选参数。图像旋转的角度，取值范围为 0 到 359 之间的整数。
use_alpha	Optional. Whether to use the image’s alpha channel for transparency. Options include: True or False.

# Display uploaded Image 1 in the top left corner.
controller.screen.show_file(IMAGE1, x=0, y=0)

# Display uploaded Image 1 scaled to the full screen.
controller.screen.show_file(IMAGE1, x=65, y=0, scale_width=640, scale_height=480)

# Display uploaded Image 1 with rotation of 180 degrees.
controller.screen.show_file(IMAGE1, x=-65, y=0, rotation=180)

# Upload an image with a transparent background.
# Display uploaded Image 1 with alpha channel enabled.
controller.screen.show_file(IMAGE1, x=0, y=0, use_alpha=True)

触碰

pressing

pressing returns a Boolean indicating whether the robot’s screen is currently being pressed.

• True – The screen is being pressed.

• False – The screen is not being pressed.

Usage:
controller.screen.pressing()

参数	描述
	该方法没有参数。

# Play a sound when the screen is pressed.
while True:
    if controller.screen.pressing():
        controller.sound.play_note("C5", 500)
    wait(5, MSEC)

# Display different messages after the screen is pressed
while not controller.screen.pressing():
    wait(5, MSEC)
controller.screen.print("First message!")
controller.screen.next_row()
# Lift finger to press the screen again
while controller.screen.pressing():
    wait(5, MSEC)
while not controller.screen.pressing():
    wait(5, MSEC)
controller.screen.print("Second message!")
controller.screen.next_row()

x_position

x_position returns the x-coordinate in pixels where the screen was last pressed, as an integer from 0 (left) to 640 (right).

Usage:
controller.screen.x_position()

参数	描述
	该方法没有参数。

# Play a high or low note based on where screen is pressed.
while True:
    if controller.screen.pressing():
        if controller.screen.x_position() > 320:
            controller.sound.play_note("C6", 500)
        else:
            controller.sound.play_note("C4", 500)
    wait(5, MSEC)

y_position

y_position returns the y-coordinate in pixels where the screen was last pressed, as an integer from 0 (top) to 480 (bottom).

Usage:
controller.screen.y_position()

# Play a high or low note based on where screen is pressed.
while True:
    if controller.screen.pressing():
        if controller.screen.y_position() > 240:
            controller.sound.play_note("C6", 500)
        else:
            controller.sound.play_note("C4", 500)
    wait(5, MSEC)

回调函数

pressed

pressed registers a function to be called when the controller screen is pressed.

Usage:
controller.screen.pressed(callback, arg)

参数	描述
callback	一个预先定义好的函数，当按下控制器屏幕时执行。
arg	可选。包含要传递给回调函数的参数的元组。有关更多信息，请参阅使用带参数的函数。

# Play a sound when the screen is pressed.
def play_sound():
    controller.sound.play_note("C5", 500)

controller.screen.pressed(play_sound)

released

released registers a function to be called when the controller screen is released.

Usage:
controller.screen.released(callback, arg)

参数	描述
callback	先前定义的一个函数，当控制器屏幕释放时执行。
arg	可选。包含要传递给回调函数的参数的元组。有关更多信息，请参阅使用带参数的函数。

# Play a sound when the screen is pressed.
def play_sound():
    controller.sound.play_note("C5", 500)

controller.screen.released(play_sound)