Formato de cadena

Introducción

The .format() method in Python is used to create strings that include variables, expressions, or values. This method replaces curly brace placeholders {} in a string with values provided inside .format().

def main():
    x = 1
    y = 5

    # Display the variables using .format()
    brain.print("Position: ({}, {})".format(x, y))

# VR threads — Do not delete
vr_thread(main)

def main():
    # Display a calculation using .format()
    brain.print("Sum: {}".format(5 + 3))

# VR threads — Do not delete
vr_thread(main)

def main():
    # Display the detected brightness using .format()
    brain.print("Brightness: {}%".format(front_eye.brightness(PERCENT)))

# VR threads — Do not delete
vr_thread(main)

Formatting Numbers with .format – Insert values and expressions into a string.

• :.xf – Sets the number of decimal places to show.

• round – Rounds a number to a given number of decimal places.

• :, – Adds commas as thousands separators.

• :.x% – Converts a decimal to a percentage with x decimal places.

• :#x – Formats a number as hexadecimal.

• :b – Formats a number as binary.

Combinación de cadenas: combina texto y valores.

• .format() – Combine strings and variables in a single expression.

• + operator – Concatenate strings manually with optional type conversion.

Métodos de cadena: cambian el caso del texto.

• upper() – Converts all characters to uppercase.

• lower() – Converts all characters to lowercase.

Comprobación de subcadenas: prueba la presencia o posición del texto.

• in – Checks if a word exists in a string.

• startswith() – Checks if a string begins with a given value.

• endswith() – Checks if a string ends with a given value.

Secuencias de escape: formatear la salida con caracteres especiales.

• \n – Adds a line break (new line).

• \t – Adds a tab space between items.

Formatting Numbers with .format

.format can be used to control how numbers appear, including decimal places, rounding, and other formatting styles such as:

Fixed Decimal Places

.xf controls how many decimal places a number is displayed with.

Usage:
.xf

Parámetros	Descripción
x	La cantidad de decimales a mostrar.

def main():
    # Display pi with 2 decimal places
    pi = 3.1415926535
    brain.print("Pi: {:.2f}".format(pi))
    # Output: Pi: 3.14

# VR threads — Do not delete
vr_thread(main)

Rounding Numbers

round rounds a number to a specific number of decimal places before formatting.

Usage:
round(number, x)

Parámetros	Descripción
number	El número a redondear.
x	La cantidad de decimales a redondear.

def main():
    # Display a value rounded to only 2 decimal places
    value = 5.6789
    brain.print("Rounded: {}".format(round(value, 2)))
    # Output: Rounded: 5.68

# VR threads — Do not delete
vr_thread(main)

Thousands Separator

:, inserts commas as thousands separators to make large numbers more readable.

Usage:
:,

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este especificador de formato no tiene parámetros.

def main():
    # Display a large number separated with commas
    number = 1234567
    brain.print("Formatted: ")
    brain.new_line()
    brain.print("{:,}".format(number))
    # Output: Formatted: 1,234,567

# VR threads — Do not delete
vr_thread(main)

Percentage

:.x% formats decimal values as percentages by multiplying the value by 100 and adding a percent sign.

Usage:
:.x%

Parámetros	Descripción
x	La cantidad de decimales a mostrar.

def main():
    # Display a converted decimal to a percentage
    value = 0.875
    brain.print("Score: {:.1%}".format(value))
    # Output: Score: 87.5%

# VR threads — Do not delete
vr_thread(main)

Hexadecimal

:#x converts numbers to hexadecimal.

Usage:
:#x

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este especificador de formato no tiene parámetros.

def main():
    # Convert 255 to hexadecimal
    number = 255
    brain.print("Hex: {:#x}".format(number))
    # Output: Hex: 0xff

# VR threads — Do not delete
vr_thread(main)

Binary

:b converts numbers to binary (base 2).

Usage:
:b

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este especificador de formato no tiene parámetros.

def main():
    # Convert 3 to binary
    brain.print("Binary: {:b}".format(3))
    # Output: Binary: 11

# VR threads — Do not delete
vr_thread(main)

Combinando cadenas

Puede combinar (o concatenar) cadenas utilizando dos enfoques:

Using .format

Insert values directly into the string using {}.

def main():
    # Display an answer based on the given emotion
    emotion = "good"
    brain.print("I'm {}, you?".format(emotion))

# VR threads — Do not delete
vr_thread(main)

+ Operator

Join multiple parts by using +.

Note: Non-strings must first be converted to strings using str().

def main():
    # Display the x and y values
    x = 10
    y = 20
    brain.print("X: " + str(x) + ", Y: " + str(y))

# VR threads — Do not delete
vr_thread(main)

Métodos de cadena

Python proporciona métodos integrados para modificar y comprobar cadenas.

upper

upper converts all letters in a string to uppercase.

Usage:
upper()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

def main():
    message = "vexcode"
    brain.print(message.upper())  # Output: VEXCODE

# VR threads — Do not delete
vr_thread(main)

lower

lower converts all letters in a string to lowercase.

Usage:
lower()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

def main():
    message = "VEXCODE"
    brain.print(message.lower())  # Output: vexcode

# VR threads — Do not delete
vr_thread(main)

Comprobación de subcadenas

in

in is a keyword that returns a Boolean indicating whether a substring (word or piece of text) exists in a string.

• True – The word exists in the string.

• False – The word does not exist in the string.

def main():
    message = "Hey everyone!"
    if "Hey" in message:
        brain.print("Hello!")

# VR threads — Do not delete
vr_thread(main)

startswith

startswith returns a Boolean indicating whether a string begins with a given value.

• True – The word starts the string.

• False – The word does not start the string.

Usage:
startswith(substring)

Parámetros	Descripción
substring	La subcadena que se debe comprobar al principio de la cadena.

def main():
    message = "VR Robot"

    if message.startswith("VR"):
        brain.print("VR first!")

# VR threads — Do not delete
vr_thread(main)

endswith

endswith returns a Boolean indicating whether a string ends with a given value.

• True – The word ends the string.

• False – The word does not end the string.

Usage:
endswith(substring)

Parámetros	Descripción
substring	La subcadena que se debe comprobar al final de la cadena.

def main():
    message = "VR Robot"

    if message.endswith("Robot"):
        brain.print("Robot last!")

# VR threads — Do not delete
vr_thread(main)

Secuencias de escape

Las secuencias de escape son caracteres especiales que se utilizan dentro de cadenas para dar formato al texto de salida. Solo están disponibles para su uso con la consola.

New Line

\n moves text to a new line when printing.

def main():
    # Display text on two lines
    brain.print("First line\nSecond line")

# VR threads — Do not delete
vr_thread(main)

Tab Spacing

\t inserts a tab space between words or numbers,

def main():
    # Display the quantity of barrels
    quantity = 2
    brain.print("Boxes:\t", quantity)

# VR threads — Do not delete
vr_thread(main)