Pantalla

Introducción

La categoría Pantalla controla la pantalla táctil del V5 Brain, lo que permite que su robot muestre texto, números y gráficos, y responda a la entrada táctil.

De forma predeterminada, la fuente para imprimir en Brain es monoespaciada pequeña, que tiene 12 filas y 48 columnas.

Para dibujar, la resolución del Cerebro es de 479 x 239 píxeles.

A continuación se muestra una lista de todos los métodos:

Cursor Imprimir — Colocar e imprimir texto.

• print — Prints text at the current cursor position.

• setCursor — Sets the cursor to a specific row and column.

• newLine — Moves the cursor to column 1 of the next row.

• clearLine — Clears a row of text.

• row — Returns the current cursor row.

• column — Returns the current cursor column.

• printAt — Prints text at specific x- and y-coordinates.

• getStringWidth — Returns the width of a string in pixels.

• getStringHeight — Returns the height of a string in pixels.

Mutadores: cambian la configuración de la pantalla, los colores y el comportamiento del dibujo.

• clearScreen — Clears the screen of all drawings and text.

• setFont — Sets the font for printed text.

• setPenWidth — Sets the thickness for drawn shapes and lines.

• setPenColor — Sets the color for outlines and text.

• setFillColor — Sets the fill color for shapes and backgrounds.

• setOrigin — Sets a new origin for printing and drawing.

Dibujar: agrega gráficos a la pantalla.

• drawPixel — Draws a pixel at a specific x and y-position.

• drawLine — Draws a line between two points.

• drawRectangle — Draws a rectangle.

• drawCircle — Draws a circle.

• render — Updates the Brain’s screen with text and drawings only when called.

• setClipRegion — Restricts where drawings and text can appear.

Toque: recibe información táctil desde la pantalla.

• pressing — Returns whether the screen is being pressed.

• xPosition — Returns the x-coordinate of the last screen event.

• yPosition — Returns the y-coordinate of the last screen event.

Devoluciones de llamadas: responden a eventos táctiles en la pantalla.

• pressed — Registers a function to be called when the screen is pressed.

• released — Registers a function to be called when the screen is released.

For information on constructing a Brain to gain access to the screen methods, see Brain.

Cursor Imprimir

print

print displays text on the Brain’s screen at the current cursor position and font.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.print(value);

Parámetros	Descripción
value	El texto que se mostrará en pantalla. Utilice formato de cadena de C++ para imprimir variables.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Display a message at the starting cursor
  Brain.Screen.print("Hello, Robot!");
}

setCursor

setCursor sets the cursor at a specific row and column on the Brain’s screen. How many rows and columns can comfortably fit depends on the selected font.

Monospaced fonts have characters that are all the same width, making text placement consistent. In contrast, proportional fonts vary in character width, so some letters take up more space than others. However, regardless of which type is used, setCursor positions the cursor based on row and column size, not font style. The font size can be adjusted using setFont.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.setCursor(row, col);

Parámetros	Descripción
row	La fila del cursor.
col	La columna del cursor.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Display text starting at Row 3 Column 12
  Brain.Screen.setCursor(3, 12);
  Brain.Screen.print("Row 3, Column 12");
}

newLine

newLine moves the cursor to column 1 on the next row on the Brain’s screen.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.newLine();

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Display two lines of text
  Brain.Screen.print("Line 1");
  Brain.Screen.newLine();
  Brain.Screen.print("Line 2");
}

clearLine

clearLine clears a row of drawings and text on the Brain’s screen. By default, this will clear the row that the cursor is currently on.

Default Usage:
Brain.Screen.clearLine();

Overload Usages:
Brain.Screen.clearLine(row); Brain.Screen.clearLine(row, color);

Parámetros	Descripción
row	La fila a despejar.
color	Sets the background color of the cleared row. Options include: black blue blue_green blue_violet cyan green orange purple red red_orange red_violet violet white yellow yellow_green yellow_orange You can also specify a custom color.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Display text on two rows
  Brain.Screen.print("This text stays");
  Brain.Screen.newLine();
  Brain.Screen.print("This disappears");

  // Wait 3 seconds before clearing row 2
  wait(3, seconds);
  Brain.Screen.clearLine(2);
}

row

row returns the current row where text will be printed as an integer.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.row()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Display the cursor's current row
  Brain.Screen.setCursor(3, 12);
  Brain.Screen.print(Brain.Screen.row());
}

column

column returns the current column where text will be printed as an integer.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.column()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Display the cursor's current column
  Brain.Screen.setCursor(5, 15);
  Brain.Screen.print(Brain.Screen.column());
}

printAt

printAt displays text on the Brain’s screen at specified x- and y-coordinates (in pixels) with the current font and origin.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.printAt(x, y, value);

Parámetros	Descripción
x	The x-position to print at as a keyword argument, ie: x=, referenced to the screen origin.
y	The y-position to print at as a keyword argument, ie: y=, referenced to the screen origin.
value	El texto que se imprimirá en pantalla. Utilice el formato de cadena de C++ (Logic/Custom_formatting.md) para imprimir variables.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Print the number 1 at pixel (100, 40)
  Brain.Screen.printAt(220, 120, "Center");
}

getStringWidth

getStringWidth returns the width of a string as an integer in pixels as if it was on the Brain’s screen. The width of a string changes based on the length of the string and the size of the font.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.getStringWidth(string);

Parámetros	Descripción
string	La cuerda a medir.

getStringHeight

get_string_height returns the height of a string as an integer in pixels as if it was on the Brain’s screen. The height of a string changes based on the length of the string and the size of the font.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.getStringHeight(string);

Parámetros	Descripción
string	La cuerda a medir.

Mutadores

clearScreen

clearScreen clears all drawings and text from the Brain’s screen.

Default Usage:
Brain.Screen.clearScreen();

Overload Usages:
Brain.Screen.clearScreen(color);

Parámetros	Descripción
color	Sets the background color. Options include: black blue blue_green blue_violet cyan green orange purple red red_orange red_violet violet white yellow yellow_green yellow_orange You can also specify a custom color.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Clear screen after 2 seconds
  Brain.Screen.print("VEXcode");
  wait(2, seconds);
  Brain.Screen.clearScreen();
}

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Clear screen to blue after 2 seconds
  Brain.Screen.print("VEXcode");
  wait(2, seconds);
  Brain.Screen.clearScreen(blue);
}

setFont

setFont sets the font used for displaying text on the Brain’s screen. This font will apply to all text printed with print or printAt. The default font at the start of a project is mono20.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.setFont(font);

Parámetro	Descripción
font	Sets the font to one of the following: mono12 mono15 mono20 mono30 mono40 mono60 prop20 prop30 prop40 prop60 These options are shown below.

mono12	mono15	mono20
mono30	mono40	mono60
prop20	prop30	prop40
prop60

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Set the font type to mono40
  Brain.Screen.setFont(mono40);
  Brain.Screen.print("VEX");
}

setPenWidth

setPenWidth sets the pen width used for drawing lines and shapes.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.setPenWidth(width);

Parámetro	Descripción
width	El ancho del lápiz, expresado como un número entero en píxeles en un rango de 0 a 32.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Draw a rectangle with a pen width of 10
  Brain.Screen.setPenWidth(10);
  Brain.Screen.drawRectangle(50, 50, 130, 60);
}

setPenColor

setPenColor sets the pen color used for drawing lines, shapes, and text.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.setPenColor(color);

Parámetro	Descripción
color	Optional. Sets the pen color. Options include: black blue blue_green blue_violet cyan green orange purple red red_orange red_violet violet white yellow yellow_green yellow_orange You can also specify a custom color.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Draw a rectangle with orange borders
  Brain.Screen.setPenColor(orange);
  Brain.Screen.drawRectangle(50, 50, 130, 60);
}

setFillColor

setFillColor method sets the fill color used when shapes are drawn.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.setFillColor(color);

Parámetro	Descripción
color	Optional. Sets the fill color. Options include: black blue blue_green blue_violet cyan green orange purple red red_orange red_violet violet white yellow yellow_green yellow_orange You can also specify a custom color.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Draw a purple rectangle
  Brain.Screen.setFillColor(purple);
  Brain.Screen.drawRectangle(50, 50, 130, 60);
}

setOrigin

setOrigin sets the origin used for drawing graphics on the Brain’s screen. Drawing functions consider the top left corner of the Brain’s screen as the origin. This function can move the origin to an alternate position such as the center of the Brain’s screen.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.setOrigin(x, y);

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La posición x del origen relativa a la esquina superior izquierda como un entero de 0 a 480.
y	La posición y del origen relativa a la esquina superior izquierda como un entero de 0 a 240.

Dibujar

drawPixel

drawPixel draws a pixel at the specified x- and y-coordinates with the current pen color.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.drawPixel(x, y);

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La coordenada x donde se dibujará el píxel, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 480.
y	La coordenada y donde se dibujará el píxel, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 240.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Draw the pixels marking the corners of a square
  Brain.Screen.drawPixel(250, 100);
  Brain.Screen.drawPixel(275, 100);
  Brain.Screen.drawPixel(250, 125);
  Brain.Screen.drawPixel(275, 125);
}

drawLine

drawLine draws a line from the first specified screen coordinates (x1, y1) to the second specified screen coordinates (x2, y2). It uses the current pen width and pen color.

The x- and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0, 0) unless a different origin has been set using setOrigin.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);

Parámetro	Descripción
x1	La coordenada x inicial de la línea, expresada como un número entero entre 0 y 480.
y1	La coordenada y inicial de la línea, expresada como un número entero entre 0 y 240.
x2	La coordenada x final de la línea, expresada como un número entero entre 0 y 480.
y2	La coordenada y final de la línea, expresada como un número entero entre 0 y 240.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Draw a line from the top left to bottom right of the screen
  Brain.Screen.drawLine(0, 0, 479, 239);
}

drawRectangle

drawRectangle draws a rectangle with its top-left corner at the specified x- and y-coordinates and a size determined by the given width and height, all measured in pixels. The rectangle’s outline is drawn using the current pen width and pen color. The interior is filled with the current fill color.

The x- and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0,0) unless a different origin has been set using setOrigin.

Default Usage:
Brain.Screen.drawRectangle(x, y, width, height);

Overload Usages:
Brain.Screen.drawRectangle(x, y, width, height, color);

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La coordenada x de la esquina superior izquierda del rectángulo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 480.
y	La coordenada y de la esquina superior izquierda del rectángulo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 240.
width	El ancho del rectángulo, expresado como un número entero de 0 a 480.
height	La altura del rectángulo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 240.
color	Sets the fill color. Options include: black blue blue_green blue_violet cyan green orange purple red red_orange red_violet violet white yellow yellow_green yellow_orange You can also specify a custom color.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Draw a rectangle on the screen
  Brain.Screen.drawRectangle(50, 50, 130, 60);
}

drawCircle

drawCircle draws a circle with its center at the specified x- and y-coordinates and a size determined by the given radius, all measured in pixels. The circle’s outline is drawn using the current pen width and pen color. The interior is filled with the current fill color.

The x- and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0, 0) unless a different origin has been set using setOrigin.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.drawCircle(x, y, radius);

Overload Usages:
Brain.Screen.drawCircle(x, y, radius, color);

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La coordenada x del centro del círculo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 480.
y	La coordenada y del centro del círculo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 240.
radius	El radio del círculo, expresado como un número entero de 0 a 240 píxeles.
color	Sets the fill color. Options include: black blue blue_green blue_violet cyan green orange purple red red_orange red_violet violet white yellow yellow_green yellow_orange You can also specify a custom color.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Draw a circle on the screen
  Brain.Screen.drawCircle(240, 120, 40);
}

render

render enables double buffering for the Brain’s screen. Once called, any drawing commands (like text, shapes, or images) will no longer appear immediately for the rest of the project. Instead, updates will only be shown when render is used again. This allows for smoother and more controlled screen updates, but means nothing will be visible until render is used.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.render();

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Render text after moving
  Brain.Screen.render();
  Brain.Screen.print("Render later...");
  Drivetrain.driveFor(forward, 100, mm);
  Drivetrain.turnFor(right, 90, degrees);
  Brain.Screen.render();
}

setClipRegion

setClipRegion defines a rectangular area on the screen where all drawings and text will be confined. Any content outside this region will not be displayed.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.setClipRegion(x, y, width, height);

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La coordenada x de la esquina superior izquierda de la región de recorte, expresada como un entero o un valor flotante entre 0 y 480.
y	La coordenada y de la esquina superior izquierda de la región de recorte, expresada como un entero o un punto flotante entre 0 y 240.
width	El ancho de la región de recorte en píxeles, expresado como un entero o un punto flotante entre 0 y 480.
height	La altura de la región de recorte en píxeles, expresada como un entero o un punto flotante entre 0 y 240.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Restrict text and drawings to a specific region
  Brain.Screen.setClipRegion(0, 0, 120, 120);
  Brain.Screen.drawRectangle(60, 60, 100, 100, red);
  Brain.Screen.printAt(60, 60, "Cut off!");
}

Tocar

pressing

pressing returns whether the screen is currently being pressed (touched).

• true — The screen is being pressed.

• false — The screen is not being pressed.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.pressing()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

int main() {
  // Change the screen's color after it's pressed
  while (Brain.Screen.pressing() == false) {
    wait(5, msec);
  }

  Brain.Screen.setFillColor(green);
  Brain.Screen.drawRectangle(0, 0, 479, 239);
}

int main() {
  // Display different messages after the screen is pressed
  while (!Brain.Screen.pressing()) {
    wait(5, msec);
  }
  Brain.Screen.print("First message!");
  Brain.Screen.newLine();

  // Lift finger to press the screen again
  while (Brain.Screen.pressing()) {
    wait(5, msec);
  }
  while (Brain.Screen.pressing() == false) {
    wait(5, msec);
  }
  Brain.Screen.print("Second message!");
  Brain.Screen.newLine();
}

xPosition

xPosition returns the x-coordinate of the last screen event (press or release) as an integer between 0 and 480.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.xPosition()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

int main() {
  // Display a circle where the screen is pressed
  while (Brain.Screen.pressing() == false) {
    wait(5, msec);
  }

  Brain.Screen.drawCircle(Brain.Screen.xPosition(), Brain.Screen.yPosition(), 20, white);
}

yPosition

yPosition returns the y-coordinate of the last screen event (press or release) as an integer between 0 and 240.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.yPosition()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

int main() {
  // Display a circle where the screen is pressed
  while (Brain.Screen.pressing() == false) {
    wait(5, msec);
  }

  Brain.Screen.drawCircle(Brain.Screen.xPosition(), Brain.Screen.yPosition(), 20, white);
}

Devoluciones de llamadas

pressed

pressed registers a function to be called when the Brain’s Screen is pressed.

Default Usage:
Brain.Screen.pressed(callback)

Overload Usages:
Brain.Screen.pressed(callback, arg)

Parámetros	Descripción
callback	Una función de devolución de llamada previamente definida que se llama automáticamente cuando cambia el valor del eje. La función debe coincidir con la firma de devolución de llamada requerida. Consulte Funciones de devolución de llamada para obtener más información.
arg	Opcional. Un valor definido por el usuario que se pasa a la función de devolución de llamada al llamarla. Esto permite que la función acceda a datos definidos fuera de ella.

void screenPressed() {
  Brain.Screen.print("screen pressed");
}

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Call screenPressed whenever the Brain screen is pressed
  Brain.Screen.pressed(screenPressed);
}

// arg keeps track of how many times the screen is pressed
void onScreenPressed(void* arg) {
  // Convert arg back to an int pointer
  int* count = (int*)arg;
  (*count)++;

  Brain.Screen.clearScreen();
  Brain.Screen.setCursor(1, 1);
  Brain.Screen.print("Pressed %d times", *count);
}

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Variable to track screen presses
  int pressCount = 0;

  // Register the callback and pass the address of pressCount
  // so the callback can update it each time the screen is pressed
  Brain.Screen.pressed(onScreenPressed, &pressCount);

  // Keep the project running so the callback can be triggered
  while (true) {
    wait(20, msec);
  }
}

released

released registers a function to be called when the screen is released (touch removed).

Default Usage:
Brain.Screen.released(callback)

Overload Usages:
Brain.Screen.released(callback, arg)

Parámetros	Descripción
callback	Una función de devolución de llamada previamente definida que se llama automáticamente cuando cambia el valor del eje. La función debe coincidir con la firma de devolución de llamada requerida. Consulte Funciones de devolución de llamada para obtener más información.
arg	Opcional. Un valor definido por el usuario que se pasa a la función de devolución de llamada al llamarla. Esto permite que la función acceda a datos definidos fuera de ella.

void screenReleased() {
  Brain.Screen.print("screen released");
}

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Call screenReleased whenever the Brain screen is released
  Brain.Screen.released(screenReleased);
}

// arg keeps track of how many times the screen is released
void onScreenReleased(void* arg) {
  // Convert arg back to an int pointer
  int* count = (int*)arg;
  (*count)++;  // Increase the release count

  Brain.Screen.clearScreen();
  Brain.Screen.setCursor(1, 1);
  Brain.Screen.print("Released %d times", *count);
}

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Variable to track screen releases
  int releaseCount = 0;

  // Register the callback and pass the address of releaseCount
  // so the callback can update it each time the screen is released
  Brain.Screen.released(onScreenReleased, &releaseCount);
}