Pantalla

Introducción

La pantalla cerebral VEX IQ (2.ª generación) ofrece una variedad de métodos para mostrar información, dibujar formas y controlar los elementos visuales de la pantalla.

Para los ejemplos siguientes, el cerebro construido incluye acceso a los métodos de Pantalla y se utilizará en todos los ejemplos posteriores en esta documentación de API cuando se haga referencia a esos métodos.

A continuación se muestra una lista de todos los métodos:

Cursor – Métodos para posicionar y visualizar texto

• print – Prints text at the current cursor position.

• setCursor – Sets the cursor to a specific row and column.

• newLine – Moves the cursor to column 1 of the next row.

• clearLine – Clears a row of text.

• row – Returns the current cursor row.

• column – Returns the current cursor column.

• printAt – Prints text at a specific x and y location.

• setClipRegion – Restricts where drawings and text can appear.

• getStringWidth – Returns the width of a string.

• getStringHeight – Returns the height of a string.

Mutadores: métodos para configurar las propiedades de la pantalla

• clearScreen – Clears the screen of all drawings and text.

• setFont – Sets the font for printed text.

• setPenWidth – Sets the thickness for drawn shapes and lines.

• setPenColor – Sets the color for outlines and text.

• setFillColor – Sets the fill color for shapes and backgrounds.

• setOrigin – Sets a new origin for printing and drawing.

Dibujar – Métodos para dibujar formas y gráficos

• drawPixel – Draws a pixel at a specific x and y position.

• drawLine – Draws a line between two points.

• drawRectangle – Draws a rectangle.

• drawCircle – Draws a circle.

• render – Updates the Brain’s screen with text and drawings only when called.

Cursor

print

print displays text on the Brain’s screen at the current cursor position and font.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.print(value);

Parámetros	Descripción
value	El texto que se mostrará en pantalla. Use formato de cadena de C++ para imprimir la variable.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Display a message at the starting cursor
  Brain.Screen.print("Hello, Robot!");
}

setCursor

setCursor sets the cursor at a specific row and column on the Brain’s screen. How many rows and columns can comfortably fit depends on the selected font.

Monospaced fonts have characters that are all the same width, making text placement consistent. In contrast, proportional fonts vary in character width, so some letters take up more space than others. However, regardless of which type is used, setCursor positions the cursor based on row and column size, not font style. The font size can be adjusted using setFont.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.setCursor(row, col);

Parámetros	Descripción
row	La fila del cursor.
col	La columna del cursor.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Repeatedly print the Brain timer at top-left
  while (true) {
    Brain.Screen.print("%d", Brain.Timer.time(seconds));
    Brain.Screen.newLine();
    wait(1, seconds);
    Brain.Screen.clearScreen();
    Brain.Screen.setCursor(1, 1);
  }
}

newLine

newLine moves the cursor to column 1 on the next row on the Brain’s screen.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.newLine();

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Display two lines of text
  Brain.Screen.print("Line 1");
  Brain.Screen.newLine();
  Brain.Screen.print("Line 2");
}

clearLine

clearLine clears a row of drawings and text on the Brain’s screen.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.clearLine(row, color);

Parámetros	Descripción
row	Opcional. La fila que se va a borrar. El valor predeterminado es la fila actual del cursor.
color	Optional. Sets the pen color. Options include: black blue blue_green blue_violet cyan green orange purple red red_orange red_violet violet white yellow yellow_green yellow_orange You can also specify a custom color.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Display text on two rows
  Brain.Screen.print("This text stays");
  Brain.Screen.newLine();
  Brain.Screen.print("This disappears");

  // Wait 3 seconds before clearing row 2
  wait(3, seconds);
  Brain.Screen.clearLine(2);
}

row

row returns the current row where text will be printed as an integer.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.row()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

column

column returns the current column where text will be printed as an integer.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.column()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

printAt

printAt displays text on the Brain’s screen at a specified x and y-coordinate (in pixels) with the current font and origin. This method disregards the current cursor position.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.printAt(x, y, value);

Parámetros	Descripción
x	The x position to print at as a keyword argument, ie: x=, referenced to the screen origin.
y	The y position to print at as a keyword argument, ie: y=, referenced to the screen origin.
value	El texto que se imprimirá en pantalla. Utilice el formato de cadena de C++ para imprimir la variable.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Print the number 1 at pixel (100, 40)
  Brain.Screen.printAt(100, 40, "1");
}

setClipRegion

setClipRegion defines a rectangular area on the screen where all drawings and text will be confined. Any content outside this region will not be displayed.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.setClipRegion(x, y, width, height);

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La coordenada x de la esquina superior izquierda de la región de recorte, expresada como un número entero o flotante de 0 a 160.
y	La coordenada y de la esquina superior izquierda de la región de recorte, expresada como un número entero o flotante de 0 a 108.
width	El ancho de la región de recorte en píxeles, expresado como un número entero o flotante de 0 a 160.
height	La altura de la región de recorte en píxeles, expresada como un entero o un punto flotante entre 0 y 108.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Restrict text and drawings to a specific region
  Brain.Screen.setClipRegion(0, 0, 120, 120);
  Brain.Screen.drawRectangle(60, 60, 100, 100, red);
  Brain.Screen.printAt(60, 60, "Cut off!");
}

getStringWidth

getStringWidth returns the width of a string in pixels, as it would appear on the Brain’s screen. The width varies depending on the string’s length and the current font.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.getStringWidth(string);

Parámetros	Descripción
string	La cuerda a medir.

getStringHeight

get_string_height returns the height of a string in pixels, as it would appear on the Brain’s screen. The width varies depending on the string’s length and the current font.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.getStringHeight(string);

Parámetros	Descripción
string	La cuerda a medir.

Mutadores

clearScreen

clearScreen clears all drawings and text from the Brain’s screen.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.clearScreen();

Parámetros	Descripción
color	Optional. Sets the pen color. Options include: black blue blue_green blue_violet cyan green orange purple red red_orange red_violet violet white yellow yellow_green yellow_orange You can also specify a custom color.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Draw a circle and clear it after 2 seconds
  Brain.Screen.drawCircle(80, 50, 20);
  wait(2, seconds);
  Brain.Screen.clearScreen();
}

setFont

setFont sets the font used for displaying text on the Brain’s screen. This font will apply to all text printed with print or printAt. The default font at the start of a project is mono20.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.setFont(type);

Parámetro	Descripción
type	Sets the font to one of the following: mono12 mono15 mono20 mono30 mono40 mono60 prop20 prop30 prop40 prop60 These options are shown below.

mono12	mono15	mono20
mono30	mono40	mono60
prop20	prop30	prop40
prop60

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Display two different fonts on two lines
  Brain.Screen.setFont(mono20);
  Brain.Screen.print("Mono Medium");
  Brain.Screen.newLine();
  Brain.Screen.setFont(prop20);
  Brain.Screen.print("Prop Medium");
}

setPenWidth

setPenWidth sets the pen width used for drawing lines and shapes.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.setPenWidth(value);

Parámetro	Descripción
value	El ancho del lápiz, expresado como un número entero en píxeles en un rango de 0 a 32.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Draw two circles with different pen widths
  Brain.Screen.drawCircle(40, 70, 20);
  Brain.Screen.setPenWidth(5);
  Brain.Screen.drawCircle(100, 70, 20);
}

setPenColor

setPenColor sets the pen color used for drawing lines, shapes, and text.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.setPenColor(color);

Parámetro	Descripción
color	Optional. Sets the pen color. Options include: black blue blue_green blue_violet cyan green orange purple red red_orange red_violet violet white yellow yellow_green yellow_orange You can also specify a custom color.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Draw two rectangles with different colors
  Brain.Screen.drawRectangle(100, 50, 10, 20);
  Brain.Screen.setPenColor(blue);
  Brain.Screen.drawRectangle(50, 50, 10, 20);
}

setFillColor

setFillColor method sets the fill color used when shapes are drawn.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.setFillColor(color);

Parámetro	Descripción
color	Optional. Sets the pen color. Options include: black blue blue_green blue_violet cyan green orange purple red red_orange red_violet violet white yellow yellow_green yellow_orange You can also specify a custom color.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Draw a yellow circle
  Brain.Screen.setFillColor(yellow);
  Brain.Screen.drawCircle(50, 50, 20);
}

setOrigin

setOrigin sets the origin (0,0) used for drawing or printing on the Brain’s screen. By default, drawing or printing methods consider the top left corner of the screen as the origin. This method can reset the origin to an alternate (x, y) screen coordinate location.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.setOrigin(x, y);

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La nueva coordenada x que se establecerá como origen, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 160.
y	La nueva coordenada y que se establecerá como origen, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 108.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Draw a line with the origin set to (50, 50)
  Brain.Screen.setOrigin(50, 50);
  Brain.Screen.drawLine(1, 1, 159, 107);
}

Dibujar

drawPixel

drawPixel draws a pixel at the specified (x, y) screen coordinate with the current pen color.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.drawPixel(x, y);

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La coordenada x donde se dibujará el píxel, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 160.
y	La coordenada y donde se dibujará el píxel, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 108.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Draw one pixel at the center of the screen
  Brain.Screen.drawPixel(80, 50);
}

drawLine

drawLine draws a line from the first specified screen coordinate (x1, y1) to the second specified screen coordinate (x2, y2). It uses the current pen width and pen color.

The x and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0, 0) unless a different origin has been set using setOrigin.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.drawLine(x1, y1, x2, y2);

Parámetro	Descripción
x1	La coordenada x inicial de la línea, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 160.
y1	La coordenada y inicial de la línea, expresada como un número entero entre 0 y 108.
x2	La coordenada x final de la línea, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 160.
y2	La coordenada y final de la línea, expresada como un número entero entre 0 y 108.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Draw a line from top-left to bottom-right
  Brain.Screen.drawLine(0, 0, 159, 107);
}

drawRectangle

drawRectangle draws a rectangle with its top-left corner at the specified (x, y) coordinate and a size determined by the given width and height, all measured in pixels. The rectangle’s outline is drawn using the current pen width and pen color. The interior is filled with the current fill color.

The x and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0,0) unless a different origin has been set using setOrigin.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.drawRectangle(x, y, width, height, color);

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La coordenada x de la esquina superior izquierda del rectángulo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 160.
y	La coordenada y de la esquina superior izquierda del rectángulo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 108.
width	El ancho del rectángulo, expresado como un número entero de 0 a 160.
height	La altura del rectángulo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 108.
color	Optional. Sets the pen color. Options include: black blue blue_green blue_violet cyan green orange purple red red_orange red_violet violet white yellow yellow_green yellow_orange You can also specify a custom color.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Draw a red rectangle on the screen
  Brain.Screen.drawRectangle(25, 25, 100, 50, red);
}

drawCircle

drawCircle draws a circle with its center at the specified (x, y) coordinate and a size determined by the given radius, all measured in pixels. The circle’s outline is drawn using the current pen width and pen color. The interior is filled with the current fill color.

The x and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0,0) unless a different origin has been set using setOrigin.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.drawCircle(x, y, radius, color);

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La coordenada x del centro del círculo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 160.
y	La coordenada y del centro del círculo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 160.
radius	El radio del círculo, expresado como un número entero de 0 a 108 píxeles.
color	Optional. Sets the pen color. Options include: black blue blue_green blue_violet cyan green orange purple red red_orange red_violet violet white yellow yellow_green yellow_orange You can also specify a custom color.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Draw a green circle on the screen
  Brain.Screen.drawCircle(80, 50, 20, green);
}

render

render enables double buffering for the Brain’s screen. Once called, any drawing commands (like text, shapes, or images) will no longer appear immediately for the rest of the project. Instead, updates will only be shown when render is used again. This allows for smoother and more controlled screen updates, but means nothing will be visible until render is used.

Usage:
Brain.Screen.render();

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

int main() {
  // Initializing Robot Configuration. DO NOT REMOVE!
  vexcodeInit();

  // Render text after moving
  Brain.Screen.render();
  Brain.Screen.print("Render later...");
  Drivetrain.driveFor(forward, 100, mm);
  Drivetrain.turnFor(right, 90, degrees);
  Brain.Screen.render();
}