Pantalla

Introducción

Los métodos de pantalla controlan cómo el procesador IQ (de segunda generación) muestra texto, números y gráficos en su pantalla integrada.

Para dibujar, la resolución del Brain es de 160 x 108 píxeles.

This page uses brain as the example Brain name. Replace it with your own configured name as needed.

A continuación se muestra una lista de todos los métodos:

Impresión con cursor: Coloca e imprime texto.

• print — Prints text, numbers, or variable values at the current cursor position.

• set_cursor — Moves the cursor to a specific row and column.

• next_row — Moves the cursor to column 1 of the next row.

• clear_row — Clears a row of text.

• row — Returns the row where text will be printed.

• column — Returns the column where text will be printed.

• print_at — Prints text, numbers, or variable values at a specific x and y coordinate.

• get_string_width — Returns the width of a string in pixels using the current font.

• get_string_height — Returns the height of a string in pixels using the current font.

Motadores: Cambian la configuración de la pantalla, los colores y el comportamiento de dibujo.

• clear_screen — Clears the screen of all drawings and text.

• set_font — Sets the font for printed text.

• set_pen_width — Sets the thickness of drawn lines and shape outlines.

• set_pen_color — Sets the color of text, pixels, lines, and shape outlines.

• set_fill_color — Sets the fill color for drawn shapes and printed text backgrounds.

• set_origin — Sets the origin used for coordinate-based printing and drawing.

Dibujar: Añadir gráficos a la pantalla.

• draw_pixel — Draws one pixel at a coordinate.

• draw_line — Draws a line between two points.

• draw_rectangle — Draws a rectangle.

• draw_circle — Draws a circle.

• set_clip_region — Restricts where drawings and text can appear.

• render — Updates the Brain’s screen with text and drawings only when called.

Cursor Imprimir

print

print prints text, numbers, or variable values on the Brain screen at the current cursor position and font.

Usage:
brain.screen.print(text, precision, opaque)

Parámetros	Descripción
text	El texto, número o valor de variable que se imprimirá en la pantalla.
precision	Optional. The number of decimal places to display when displaying numbers. This must be written as a keyword argument, ie:precision=3. Default is 2.
opaque	Optional. opaque=True — The background of the text will be filled with the current fill color or black by default. opaque=False (default) — The background of the text will match the screen’s background color.

# Display a message at the starting
# cursor position
brain.screen.print("Hello, Robot!")

# Display a percentage with 4 decimal
# places and a blue background
brain.screen.set_fill_color(Color.BLUE)
brain.screen.print((42/100), precision = 4, opaque = True)

set_cursor

set_cursor moves the cursor to a specific row and column on the Brain screen. The next print call will start printing at that location. How many rows and columns can comfortably fit depends on the selected font.

Monospaced fonts have characters that are all the same width, making text placement consistent. In contrast, proportional fonts vary in character width, so some letters take up more space than others. However, regardless of which type is used, set_cursor positions the cursor based on row and column size, not font style. The font size can be adjusted using set_font.

Usage:
brain.screen.set_cursor(row, column)

Parámetros	Descripción
row	La fila a la que mover el cursor.
column	La columna a la que se debe mover el cursor.

# Repeatedly print the Brain's timer at
# the top left of the screen
while True:
    brain.screen.print(brain.timer.time(SECONDS))
    brain.screen.next_row()
    wait(1, SECONDS)
    brain.screen.clear_screen()
    brain.screen.set_cursor(1, 1)

next_row

next_row moves the cursor to column 1 on the next row on the Brain screen.

Usage:
brain.screen.next_row()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

# Display two lines of text
brain.screen.print("Line 1")
brain.screen.next_row()
brain.screen.print("Line 2")

clear_row

clear_row clears a single row of text on the Brain screen.

Usage:
brain.screen.clear_row(row, color)

Parámetros	Descripción
fila	Opcional. La fila que se va a borrar. El valor predeterminado es la fila actual del cursor.
color	Optional. The color to apply to the cleared row. Options include: Color.BLACK Color.BLUE Color.BLUE_GREEN Color.BLUE_VIOLET Color.GREEN Color.ORANGE Color.PURPLE Color.RED COLOR.RED_ORANGE Color.RED_VIOLET Color.VIOLET Color.WHITE Color.YELLOW Color.YELLOW_GREEN Color.YELLOW_ORANGE You can also specify a custom color.

# Display text on two rows
brain.screen.print("This text stays")
brain.screen.next_row()
brain.screen.print("This disappears")

# Wait 3 seconds before clearing
# only the second row
wait(3, SECONDS)
brain.screen.clear_row()

# Turn the 5th row green
brain.screen.clear_row(5, Color.GREEN)

row

row returns the row where text will be printed as an integer.

Usage:
brain.screen.row()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

# Set cursor to (3,2) and print 
# row number
brain.screen.set_cursor(3, 2)
brain.screen.print(brain.screen.row())

column

column returns the column where text will be printed as an integer.

Usage:
brain.screen.column()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

# Set cursor to (3,2) and print 
# column number
brain.screen.set_cursor(3, 2)
brain.screen.print(brain.screen.column())

print_at

print_at prints text, numbers, or variable values on the Brain screen at a specified x and y coordinate in pixels with the currently set font and origin. This method disregards the current cursor position.

Usage:
brain.screen.print_at(text, x, y, precision, opaque)

Parámetros	Descripción
text	El texto, número o valor de variable que se imprimirá.
x	The x-coordinate to print at as a keyword argument, ie: x=, referenced to the screen origin.
y	The y-coordinate to print at as a keyword argument, ie: y=, referenced to the screen origin.
precision	Optional. The number of decimal places to display when displaying numbers. This must be written as a keyword argument, ie:precision=3. Default is 2.
opaque	Optional. opaque=True — The background of the text will be filled with the current fill color or black by default. opaque=False (default) — The background of the text will match the screen’s background color.

# Print the number 1 on the Brain's screen at position (100, 40)
brain.screen.print_at(1, x=100, y=40)

# Display 1/3 with 3 decimal places and a blue background
brain.screen.set_fill_color(Color.BLUE)
brain.screen.print_at((1/3), x=100, y=40, precision=3, opaque=True)

get_string_width

get_string_width returns the width of a string in pixels as an integer, as it would appear on the Brain’s screen. The width varies depending on the string’s length and the current font.

Usage:
brain.screen.get_string_width(string)

Parámetros	Descripción
string	La cuerda a medir.

get_string_height

get_string_height returns the height of a string in pixels as an integer, as it would appear on the Brain screen. The height varies depending on the string’s length and the current font.

Usage:
brain.screen.get_string_height(string)

Parámetros	Descripción
string	La cuerda a medir.

Mutadores

clear_screen

clear_screen clears all drawings and text from the Brain’s screen.

Usage:
brain.screen.clear_screen(color)

Parámetros	Descripción
color	Optional. Sets the screen color. Options include: Color.BLACK Color.BLUE Color.BLUE_GREEN Color.BLUE_VIOLET Color.GREEN Color.ORANGE Color.PURPLE Color.RED COLOR.RED_ORANGE Color.RED_VIOLET Color.VIOLET Color.WHITE Color.YELLOW Color.YELLOW_GREEN Color.YELLOW_ORANGE You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw a circle and clear it after 
# 2 seconds
brain.screen.draw_circle(80, 50, 20)
wait(2, SECONDS)
brain.screen.clear_screen()

# Turn the screen red
brain.screen.clear_screen(Color.RED)

set_font

set_font sets the font used for displaying text on the Brain screen. This font will apply to all text printed with print or print_at. The default font at the start of a project is MONO20.

Usage:
brain.screen.set_font(fontname)

Parámetro	Descripción
fontname	Sets the font to one of the following: MONO12 MONO15 MONO20 MONO30 MONO40 MONO60 PROP20 PROP30 PROP40 PROP60 These options are shown below.

MONO12	MONO15	MONO20
MONO30	MONO40	MONO60
PROP20	PROP30	PROP40
PROP60

# Display two different fonts on 
# two separate lines
brain.screen.set_font(FontType.MONO20)
brain.screen.print("Mono Medium")
brain.screen.next_row()
brain.screen.set_font(FontType.PROP20)
brain.screen.print("Prop Medium")

set_pen_width

set_pen_width sets the thickness of drawn lines and shape outlines.

Usage:
brain.screen.set_pen_width(width)

Parámetro	Descripción
width	El ancho del lápiz, en píxeles, va de 0 a 32.

# Draw two circles with
# different pen widths
brain.screen.draw_circle(40, 70, 20)
brain.screen.set_pen_width(5)
brain.screen.draw_circle(100, 70, 20)

set_pen_color

set_pen_color sets the color of text, pixels, lines, and shape outlines.

Usage:
brain.screen.set_pen_color(color)

Parámetro	Descripción
color	Optional. The pen and font color to use. Options include: Color.BLACK Color.BLUE Color.BLUE_GREEN Color.BLUE_VIOLET Color.GREEN Color.ORANGE Color.PURPLE Color.RED COLOR.RED_ORANGE Color.RED_VIOLET Color.VIOLET Color.WHITE Color.YELLOW Color.YELLOW_GREEN Color.YELLOW_ORANGE You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw two rectangles with
# different colors
brain.screen.draw_rectangle(100, 50, 10, 20)
brain.screen.set_pen_color(Color.BLUE)
brain.screen.draw_rectangle(50, 50, 10, 20)

set_fill_color

set_fill_color sets the fill color used when shapes are drawn.

Usage:
brain.screen.set_fill_color(color)

Parámetro	Descripción
color	Optional. The fill color to use. Options include: Color.BLACK Color.BLUE Color.BLUE_GREEN Color.BLUE_VIOLET Color.GREEN Color.ORANGE Color.PURPLE Color.RED COLOR.RED_ORANGE Color.RED_VIOLET Color.VIOLET Color.WHITE Color.YELLOW Color.YELLOW_GREEN Color.YELLOW_ORANGE You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw a yellow circle
brain.screen.set_fill_color(Color.YELLOW)
brain.screen.draw_circle(50, 50, 20)

set_origin

set_origin sets the origin used for drawing and coordinate-based printing on the Brain screen. By default, the origin is the top-left corner of the screen.

Usage:
brain.screen.set_origin(x, y)

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La nueva coordenada x que se establecerá como origen, dada como un número entero entre 0 y 159.
y	La nueva coordenada y que se establecerá como origen, dada como un número entero entre 0 y 107.

# Draw a line with the origin set to (50, 50)
brain.screen.set_origin(50, 50)
brain.screen.draw_line(1, 1, 159, 107)

Dibujar

draw_pixel

draw_pixel draws one pixel at the selected x and y coordinate using the current pen color.

Usage:
brain.screen.draw_pixel(x, y)

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La coordenada x donde se dibujará el píxel, dada como un número entero del 0 al 159.
y	La coordenada y donde se dibujará el píxel, dada como un número entero del 0 al 107.

# Draw one pixel at the center
# of the screen
brain.screen.draw_pixel(80, 50)

draw_line

draw_line draws a line from the first screen coordinate (x1, y1) to the second screen coordinate (x2, y2) using the current pen width and pen color.

The x and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0, 0) unless a different origin has been set using set_origin.

Usage:
brain.screen.draw_line(x1, y1, x2, y2)

Parámetro	Descripción
x1	La coordenada x inicial de la línea, dada como un número entero entre 0 y 159.
y1	La coordenada y inicial de la línea, dada como un número entero entre 0 y 107.
x2	La coordenada x final de la línea, dada como un número entero entre 0 y 159.
y2	La coordenada y final de la línea, dada como un número entero entre 0 y 107.

# Draw a line from the top left to
# bottom right of the screen
brain.screen.draw_line(0, 0, 159, 107)

draw_rectangle

draw_rectangle draws a rectangle with its top-left corner at the selected (x, y) coordinate and a size determined by the given width and height, all measured in pixels. The rectangle’s outline is drawn using the current pen width and pen color. The interior is filled with the current fill color, unless the optional color parameter is used.

The x and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0,0) unless a different origin has been set using set_origin.

Usage:
brain.screen.draw_rectangle(x, y, width, height, color)

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La coordenada x de la esquina superior izquierda del rectángulo, dada como un número entero entre 0 y 159.
y	La coordenada y de la esquina superior izquierda del rectángulo, dada como un número entero entre 0 y 107.
width	El ancho del rectángulo, en píxeles.
height	La altura del rectángulo, en píxeles.
color	Optional. The fill color of the rectangle. Options include: Color.BLACK Color.BLUE Color.BLUE_GREEN Color.BLUE_VIOLET Color.GREEN Color.ORANGE Color.PURPLE Color.RED COLOR.RED_ORANGE Color.RED_VIOLET Color.VIOLET Color.WHITE Color.YELLOW Color.YELLOW_GREEN Color.YELLOW_ORANGE You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw a red rectangle on the screen
brain.screen.draw_rectangle(25, 25, 100, 50, Color.RED)

draw_circle

draw_circle draws a circle with its center at the selected (x, y) coordinate and a size determined by the given radius, all measured in pixels. The circle’s outline is drawn using the current pen width and pen color. The interior is filled with the current fill color, unless the optional color parameter is used.

The x and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0,0) unless a different origin has been set using set_origin.

Usage:
brain.screen.draw_circle(x, y, radius, color)

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La coordenada x del centro del círculo, dada como un número entero entre 0 y 159.
y	La coordenada y del centro del círculo, dada como un número entero entre 0 y 107.
radius	El radio del círculo, en píxeles.
color	Optional. The fill color of the circle. Options include: Color.BLACK Color.BLUE Color.BLUE_GREEN Color.BLUE_VIOLET Color.GREEN Color.ORANGE Color.PURPLE Color.RED COLOR.RED_ORANGE Color.RED_VIOLET Color.VIOLET Color.WHITE Color.YELLOW Color.YELLOW_GREEN Color.YELLOW_ORANGE You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw a green circle on the screen
brain.screen.draw_circle(80, 50, 20, Color.GREEN)

set_clip_region

set_clip_region defines a rectangular area on the screen where all drawings and text will be confined. Any content outside this region will not be displayed.

Usage:
brain.screen.set_clip_region(x, y, width, height)

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La coordenada x de la esquina superior izquierda de la región de recorte, dada como un número entero o decimal entre 0 y 159.
y	La coordenada y de la esquina superior izquierda de la región de recorte, dada como un número entero o decimal entre 0 y 107.
width	El ancho de la región de recorte en píxeles.
height	La altura de la región de recorte en píxeles.

# Restrict text and drawings to a specific region
brain.screen.set_clip_region(0, 0, 120, 120)
brain.screen.draw_rectangle(60, 60, 100, 100, Color.RED)
brain.screen.print_at("Cut off!", x=60, y=60)

render

render enables double buffering for the Brain’s screen. Once called, any drawing commands (like text, shapes, or images) will no longer appear immediately for the rest of the project. Instead, updates will only be shown when render is used again. This allows for smoother and more controlled screen updates, but means nothing will be visible until render is used.

Usage:
brain.screen.render()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

# Render text after moving
brain.screen.render()
brain.screen.print("Render later...")
drivetrain.drive_for(FORWARD, 100, MM)
drivetrain.turn_for(RIGHT, 90, DEGREES)
brain.screen.render()