屏幕

介绍

VEX AIM 编码机器人的屏幕提供了显示文本、管理光标、绘制形状和处理触摸交互的方法。

以下是所有可用方法的列表：

光标打印——使用行/列系统显示文本。

• print – Prints text at the current cursor position.

• set_cursor – Sets the cursor to a specific row and column.

• next_row – Moves the cursor to column 1 of the next row.

• clear_row – Clears a row of text.

• get_row – Returns the current cursor row.

• get_column – Returns the current cursor column.

XY 打印 – 在特定的屏幕坐标处显示文本。

• print_at – Prints text at a specific x and y location.

• set_origin – Sets a new origin for printing and drawing.

改变器——清除屏幕或更新视觉设置。

• clear_screen – Clears the screen of all drawings and text.

• set_font – Sets the font for printed text.

• set_pen_width – Sets the thickness for drawn shapes and lines.

• set_pen_color – Sets the color for outlines and text.

• set_fill_color – Sets the fill color for shapes and backgrounds.

绘图——在屏幕上添加图形和图像。

• draw_pixel – Draws a pixel at a specific x and y position.

• draw_line – Draws a line between two points.

• draw_rectangle – Draws a rectangle.

• draw_circle – Draws a circle.

• show_file – Displays an uploaded image.

• set_clip_region – Restricts where drawings and text can appear.

触摸——检测并响应屏幕按压。

• x_position – Returns the x-coordinate where the screen is pressed.

• y_position – Returns the y-coordinate where the screen is pressed.

• pressing – Returns whether the screen is currently being pressed.

回调——当按下或释放屏幕时运行函数。

• pressed – Registers a function to call when the screen is pressed.

• released – Registers a function to call when the screen is released.

光标打印

print

print displays text on the robot’s screen at the current cursor position and font.

Usage:
robot.screen.print(text)

参数	描述
text	要在屏幕上显示的文本、数字或变量值。

# Display a message at the starting cursor position
robot.screen.print("Hello, Robot!")

set_cursor

set_cursor places the text cursor at a specific row and column on the screen. The number of rows and columns that fit depends on the selected font. With the default monospaced medium font, the screen can clearly display up to 8 rows and 13 columns. Text placed beyond this range may be cut off or harder to read.

Monospaced fonts have characters that are all the same width, making text placement consistent. In contrast, proportional fonts vary in character width, so some letters take up more space than others. However, regardless of which type is used, set_cursor positions the cursor based on row and column size, not font style. The font size can be adjusted using set_font.

Usage:
robot.screen.set_cursor(row, column)

参数	描述
row	游标所在行。
column	光标所在的列。

# Display text starting at Row 3 Column 2
robot.screen.set_cursor(3, 2)
robot.screen.print("Row 3, Column 2")

next_row

next_row moves the cursor to column 1 on the next row on the robot’s screen.

Usage:
robot.screen.next_row()

参数	描述
	该方法没有参数。

# Display two lines of text
robot.screen.print("Line 1")
robot.screen.next_row()
robot.screen.print("Line 2")

clear_row

clear_row clears a row of text on the robot’s screen.

Usage:
robot.screen.clear_row(row, color)

范围	描述
row	可选。要清除的行。默认值为当前光标所在行。
color	Optional. The color to apply to the cleared row. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Display text on two rows
robot.screen.print("This text stays")
robot.screen.next_row()
robot.screen.print("This text disappears")

# Wait 3 seconds before clearing only the second row
wait(3, SECONDS)
robot.screen.clear_row()

# Turn the 5th row green
robot.screen.clear_row(5, GREEN)

get_row

get_row returns the current row where text will be printed as an integer.

Usage:
robot.screen.get_row()

参数	描述
	该方法没有参数。

# Set cursor to (3,2) and print row number
robot.screen.set_cursor(3, 2)
robot.screen.print(robot.screen.get_row())

get_column

get_column returns the current column where text will be printed as an integer.

Usage:
robot.screen.get_column()

参数	描述
	该方法没有参数。

# Set cursor to (3,2) and print column number
robot.screen.set_cursor(3, 2)
robot.screen.print(robot.screen.get_column())

XY打印

print_at

print_at displays text on the robot’s screen at a specific (x, y) position in pixels, using the currently set font and set origin. x sets how far from the left side the text begins, and y sets where the bottom of the letters sit. This method disregards the current cursor position.

Usage:
robot.screen.print_at(text, x, y)

范围	描述
text	要在屏幕上显示的文本、数字或变量值。
x	文本的水平位置，以 0 到 240 像素之间的整数表示。0 为左；240 为右。
y	文本的垂直位置，以 0 到 240 像素之间的整数表示。0 表示顶部；240 表示底部。

# Display a message in the middle of the screen
robot.screen.print_at("Hello, Robot!", x=40, y=120)

set_origin

set_origin sets the origin (0, 0) used for drawing or printing on the robot’s screen. By default, drawing or printing methods consider the top left corner of the screen as the origin. This method can reset the origin to an alternate (x, y) screen coordinate location.

Usage:
robot.screen.set_origin(x, y)

范围	描述
x	设置为原点的新 x 坐标，以 0 至 240 之间的整数形式给出。
y	设置作为原点的新 y 坐标，以 0 至 240 之间的整数形式给出。

# Set the origin to the center of the screen
robot.screen.set_origin(120, 120)

# Draw a rectangle at the new origin
robot.screen.draw_rectangle(0, 0, 80, 40)

修改器

clear_screen

clear_screen clears all drawings and text from the robot’s screen. By default, it also resets the cursor position to row 1, column 1.

Usage:
robot.screen.clear_screen(color)

范围	描述
color	Optional. Sets the screen color. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw a circle, and clear it after 2 seconds
robot.screen.draw_circle(120, 120, 60)
wait(2, SECONDS)
robot.screen.clear_screen()

# Set the background color of the screen to red
robot.screen.clear_screen(RED)

set_font

set_font sets the font used for displaying text on the robot’s screen. This font will apply to all text printed with print or print_a. The default font at the start of a project is MONO24.

Usage:
robot.screen.set_font(fontname)

范围	描述
fontname	Sets the font to one of the following: MONO12 MONO15 MONO20 MONO24 MONO30 MONO40 MONO60 PROP20 PROP30 PROP40 PROP60 These options are shown below.

MONO12	MONO15	MONO20
MONO24	MONO30	MONO40
MONO60	PROP20	PROP30
PROP40	PROP60

# Display text using a larger font
robot.screen.set_font(MONO40)
robot.screen.print("VEX")

set_pen_width

set_pen_width sets the pen width used for drawing lines and shapes.

Usage:
robot.screen.set_pen_width(width)

范围	描述
width	笔的宽度，以像素为单位的整数，范围是 0 到 32。

# Draw a rectangle with a pen width of 10
robot.screen.set_pen_width(10)
robot.screen.draw_rectangle(50, 50, 130, 60)

set_pen_color

set_pen_color sets the pen color used for drawing lines, shapes, and text.

Usage:
robot.screen.set_pen_color(color)

范围	描述
color	Optional. Sets the pen color. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw a rectangle with a red pen
robot.screen.set_pen_color(RED)
robot.screen.draw_rectangle(50, 50, 130, 60)

set_fill_color

set_fill_color method sets the fill color used when shapes are drawn.

Usage:
robot.screen.set_fill_color(color)

范围	描述
color	Optional. Sets the fill color. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw two orange rectangles
robot.screen.set_fill_color(ORANGE)
robot.screen.draw_rectangle(50, 50, 100, 60)
robot.screen.draw_rectangle(50, 130, 100, 60)

# Display text with a purple background
robot.screen.set_fill_color(PURPLE)
robot.screen.print("Highlight")

画

draw_pixel

draw_pixel draws a pixel at the specified (x, y) screen coordinate in the current pen color. It uses the current pen color set by set_pen_color.

Usage:
robot.screen.draw_pixel(x, y)

范围	描述
x	将绘制像素的 x 坐标，以 0 至 240 之间的整数表示。
y	将绘制像素的 y 坐标，以 0 至 240 之间的整数表示。

# Draw a pixel at the center of the screen
robot.screen.draw_pixel(120, 120)

draw_line

draw_line draws a line from the first specified screen coordinate (x1, y1) to the second specified screen coordinate (x2, y2). It uses the current the pen width set by set_pen_width and pen color set by set_pen_color.

The x and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0, 0) unless a different origin has been set using set_origin.

Usage:
robot.screen.draw_line(x1, y1, x2, y2)

范围	描述
x1	线的起始 x 坐标，以 0 至 240 之间的整数表示。
y1	线的起始 y 坐标，以 0 至 240 之间的整数表示。
x2	线的结束 x 坐标，以 0 至 240 之间的整数表示。
y2	线的结束 y 坐标，以 0 至 240 之间的整数表示。

# Draw a line from the top left to bottom right of the screen
robot.screen.draw_line(0, 0, 240, 240)

draw_rectangle

draw_rectangle draws a rectangle with its top-left corner at the specified (x, y) coordinate and a size determined by the given width and height, all measured in pixels. The rectangle’s outline is drawn using the current pen width set by set_pen_width and the pen color set by set_pen_color. The interior is filled with the color set by set_fill_color.

The x and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0, 0) unless a different origin has been set using set_origin.

Usage:
robot.screen.draw_rectangle(x, y, width, height, color)

范围	描述
x	矩形左上角的 x 坐标，以 0 至 240 之间的整数表示。
y	矩形左上角的 y 坐标，以 0 至 240 之间的整数表示。
width	矩形的宽度，以 0 到 240 之间的整数表示。
height	矩形的高度，以 0 到 240 之间的整数表示。
color	Optional. The fill color of the rectangle. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw a red rectangle on the screen
robot.screen.draw_rectangle(50, 50, 130, 60, RED)

draw_circle

draw_circle draws a circle with its center at the specified (x, y) coordinate and a size determined by the given radius, all measured in pixels. The circle’s outline is drawn using the current pen width set by set_pen_width and the pen color set by set_pen_color. The interior is filled with the color set by set_fill_color.

The x and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0, 0) unless a different origin has been set using set_origin.

Usage:
robot.screen.draw_circle(x, y, radius, color)

范围	描述
x	圆心的 x 坐标，以 0 至 240 之间的整数表示。
y	圆心的 y 坐标，以 0 至 240 之间的整数表示。
radius	圆的半径，以 0 到 240 像素之间的整数表示。
color	Optional. The fill color of the circle. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw a green circle on the screen
robot.screen.draw_circle(120, 120, 40, GREEN)

show_file

show_file displays a custom uploaded image on the robot’s screen, with its position set using the x, y, and center parameters based on the image’s reference point.

Usage:
robot.screen.show_file(file, x, y, center)

范围	描述
file	The custom image to use, from IMAGE1 to IMAGE10. The image number matches the number shown in the AIM control panel.
x	图像的水平偏移量，以像素为单位的整数形式指定。正值表示向右移动；负值表示向左移动。
y	图像的垂直偏移量，以像素为单位的整数形式指定。正值表示向下移动；负值表示向上移动。
center	Optional. If center=True, the image is placed using its center at coordinate (120, 120). By default (center=False), the top-left corner of the image is used and positioned relative to the current origin.

# Display uploaded Image 1 in the top left corner
robot.screen.show_file(IMAGE1, 0, 0)

# Show the same image on both sides of the screen
# Image size is 120 x 120
robot.screen.show_file(IMAGE1, 65, 0, center=True)
robot.screen.show_file(IMAGE1, -65, 0, center=True)

set_clip_region

set_clip_region defines a rectangular area on the screen where all drawings and text will be confined. Any content outside this region will not be displayed.

Usage:
robot.screen.set_clip_region(x, y, width, height)

范围	描述
x	剪辑区域左上角的 x 坐标，以 0 到 240 之间的整数或浮点数给出。
y	剪辑区域左上角的 y 坐标，以 0 到 240 之间的整数或浮点数表示。
width	剪辑区域的宽度（以像素为单位），以 0 到 240 之间的整数或浮点数表示。
height	剪辑区域的高度（以像素为单位），以 0 到 240 之间的整数或浮点数表示。

# Restrict text and drawings to a specific region
robot.screen.set_clip_region(0, 0, 120, 120)
robot.screen.draw_rectangle(60, 60, 100, 100, RED)
robot.screen.print_at("Cut off!", x=60, y=60)

触碰

pressing

pressing returns a Boolean indicating whether the screen is currently being pressed.

• True – The screen is being pressed.

• False – The screen is not being pressed.

Usage:
robot.screen.pressing()

参数	描述
	该方法没有参数。

# Turn LEDs white only while the screen is pressed.
while True:
    if robot.screen.pressing():
        robot.led.on(ALL_LEDS, WHITE)
    else: 
        robot.led.off(ALL_LEDS)

    wait(50, MSEC)

x_position

x_position returns the x-coordinate where the screen is pressed as an integer from 0 (left) to 240 (right).

Usage:
robot.screen.x_position()

参数	描述
	该方法没有参数。

# Display the x-coordinate of where
# the screen is pressed
while True:
    if robot.screen.pressing():
        robot.screen.clear_screen()
        robot.screen.print(robot.screen.x_position())
    wait (50, MSEC)

y_position

y_position returns the y-coordinate where the screen is pressed as an integer from 0 (top) to 240 (bottom).

Usage:
robot.screen.y_position()

# Display the y-coordinate of where
# the screen is pressed
while True:
    if robot.screen.pressing():
        robot.screen.clear_screen()
        robot.screen.print(robot.screen.y_position())
    wait (50, MSEC)

打回来

pressed

pressed registers a method to be called when the robot’s screen is pressed.

Usage:
robot.screen.pressed(callback, arg)

参数	描述
callback	按下屏幕时将调用的方法。
arg	可选。包含调用回调方法时要传递给该方法的参数的元组。

# Set the LEDs to green when the screen is pressed.
def screen_touched():
    robot.led.on(ALL_LEDS, GREEN)

robot.screen.pressed(screen_touched)

released

released registers a method to be called when the screen is no longer being pressed.

Usage:
robot.screen.released(callback, arg)

参数	描述
callback	当屏幕被释放时将被调用的方法。
arg	可选。一个 tuple，包含调用回调方法时要传递给它的参数。

# Set the LEDs to blue when the screen is released.
def screen_released():
    robot.led.on(ALL_LEDS, BLUE)

robot.screen.released(screen_released)