Pantalla

Introducción

The Screen methods control how the VEX AIM Coding Robot shows text, numbers, and graphics on its screen, and how it responds to screen presses.

A continuación se muestra una lista de todos los métodos:

Táctil: detecta y responde a las pulsaciones de la pantalla.

• pressing – Returns whether the screen is currently being pressed.

• x_position – Returns the x-coordinate of the last screen press.

• y_position – Returns the y-coordinate of the last screen press.

Impresión del cursor: muestra el texto utilizando un sistema de filas y columnas.

• print – Prints text, numbers, or variable values at the current cursor position.

• set_cursor – Moves the cursor to a specific row and column.

• next_row – Moves the cursor to column 1 of the next row.

• clear_row – Clears a row of text.

• get_row – Returns the current cursor row.

• get_column – Returns the current cursor column.

Impresión XY: muestra el texto en una coordenada de pantalla específica.

• print_at – Prints text, numbers, or variable values at a specific x and y coordinate.

• set_origin – Sets the origin used for coordinate-based printing and drawing.

Mutadores: limpia la pantalla o actualiza la configuración visual.

• clear_screen – Clears the screen of all drawings and text.

• set_font – Sets the font for printed text.

• set_pen_width – Sets the thickness of drawn lines and shape outlines.

• set_pen_color – Sets the color of text, pixels, lines, and shape outlines.

• set_fill_color – Sets the fill color for drawn shapes and printed text backgrounds.

Dibujar – Agregar gráficos e imágenes a la pantalla.

• draw_pixel – Draws a pixel at a specific x and y position.

• draw_line – Draws a line between two points.

• draw_rectangle – Draws a rectangle.

• draw_circle – Draws a circle.

• show_file – Displays an uploaded image.

• set_clip_region – Restricts where drawings and text can appear.

Callbacks – Run functions when the screen is pressed or released.

• pressed – Registers a function to call when the screen is pressed.

• released – Registers a function to call when the screen is released.

Tocar

pressing

pressing returns a Boolean indicating whether the robot’s screen is currently being pressed.

• True – The screen is being pressed.

• False – The screen is not being pressed.

Usage:
robot.screen.pressing()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

# Turn LEDs white only while the screen is pressed.
while True:
    if robot.screen.pressing():
        robot.led.on(ALL_LEDS, WHITE)
    else:
        robot.led.off(ALL_LEDS)

    wait(50, MSEC)

# Display different messages after the screen is pressed
while not robot.screen.pressing():
    wait(5, MSEC)
robot.screen.print("First message!")
robot.screen.next_row()
# Lift finger to press the screen again
while robot.screen.pressing():
    wait(5, MSEC)
while not robot.screen.pressing():
    wait(5, MSEC)
robot.screen.print("Second message!")
robot.screen.next_row()

x_position

x_position returns the x-coordinate of the last screen press as an integer from 0 (left) to 240 (right).

Usage:
robot.screen.x_position()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

# Display the x-coordinate of where
# the screen is pressed
while True:
    if robot.screen.pressing():
        robot.screen.clear_screen()
        robot.screen.print(robot.screen.x_position())
    wait (50, MSEC)

y_position

y_position returns the y-coordinate of the last screen press as an integer from 0 (top) to 240 (bottom).

Usage:
robot.screen.y_position()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

# Display the y-coordinate of where
# the screen is pressed
while True:
    if robot.screen.pressing():
        robot.screen.clear_screen()
        robot.screen.print(robot.screen.y_position())
    wait (50, MSEC)

Cursor Imprimir

print

print prints text, numbers, or variable values on the robot’s screen at the current cursor position and font.

Usage:
robot.screen.print(text)

Parámetros	Descripción
text	El texto, número o valor de variable que se mostrará en la pantalla.

# Display a message at the starting cursor position
robot.screen.print("Hello, Robot!")

set_cursor

set_cursor moves the text cursor to a specific row and column on the robot’s screen. The next print call will start printing at that location. The number of rows and columns that fit depends on the selected font. With the default monospaced medium font, the screen can clearly display up to 8 rows and 13 columns. Text placed beyond this range may be cut off or harder to read.

Monospaced fonts have characters that are all the same width, making text placement consistent. In contrast, proportional fonts vary in character width, so some letters take up more space than others. However, regardless of which type is used, set_cursor positions the cursor based on row and column size, not font style. The font size can be adjusted using set_font.

Usage:
robot.screen.set_cursor(row, column)

Parámetros	Descripción
row	The row to move the cursor to.
column	The column to move the cursor to.

# Display text starting at Row 3 Column 2
robot.screen.set_cursor(3, 2)
robot.screen.print("Row 3, Column 2")

next_row

next_row moves the cursor to column 1 on the next row on the robot’s screen.

Usage:
robot.screen.next_row()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

# Display two lines of text
robot.screen.print("Line 1")
robot.screen.next_row()
robot.screen.print("Line 2")

clear_row

clear_row clears a single row of text on the robot’s screen.

Usage:
robot.screen.clear_row(row, color)

Parámetro	Descripción
row	Opcional. La fila que se va a borrar como un número entero. Por defecto, se utiliza la fila actual del cursor.
color	Optional. The color to apply to the cleared row. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Display text on two rows
robot.screen.print("This text stays")
robot.screen.next_row()
robot.screen.print("This text disappears")

# Wait 3 seconds before clearing only the second row
wait(3, SECONDS)
robot.screen.clear_row()

# Turn the 5th row green
robot.screen.clear_row(5, GREEN)

get_row

get_row returns the current row where text will be printed as an integer.

Usage:
robot.screen.get_row()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

# Set cursor to (3,2) and print row number
robot.screen.set_cursor(3, 2)
robot.screen.print(robot.screen.get_row())

get_column

get_column returns the current column where text will be printed as an integer.

Usage:
robot.screen.get_column()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

# Set cursor to (3,2) and print column number
robot.screen.set_cursor(3, 2)
robot.screen.print(robot.screen.get_column())

Impresión XY

print_at

print_at prints text, numbers, or variable values on the robot’s screen at a specific x and y coordinate in pixels, using the currently set font and origin. x sets how far from the left side the text begins, and y sets where the bottom of the letters sit. This method disregards the current cursor position.

Note: The red circle shows which coordinates will be visible on the AIM robot’s circular screen. Coordinates that fall outside the red circle exist within the 0–240 range but will not appear on the screen.

Usage:
robot.screen.print_at(text, x, y)

Parámetro	Descripción
text	The text, number, or variable value to print on the screen.
x	La posición horizontal del texto, como un entero de 0 a 240 píxeles. 0 es izquierda; 240 es derecha.
y	La posición vertical del texto, como un entero de 0 a 240 píxeles. 0 es la parte superior; 240 es la parte inferior.

# Display a message in the middle of the screen
robot.screen.print_at("Hello, Robot!", x=40, y=120)

set_origin

set_origin sets the origin used for drawing and coordinate-based printing on the robot’s screen. By default, the origin is the top-left corner of the screen.

Usage:
robot.screen.set_origin(x, y)

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La nueva coordenada x que se establecerá como origen, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 240.
y	La nueva coordenada y que se establecerá como origen, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 240.

# Set the origin to the center of the screen
robot.screen.set_origin(120, 120)

# Draw a rectangle at the new origin
robot.screen.draw_rectangle(0, 0, 80, 40)

Mutadores

clear_screen

clear_screen clears all drawings and text from the robot’s screen. By default, it also resets the cursor position to row 1, column 1.

Usage:
robot.screen.clear_screen(color)

Parámetro	Descripción
color	Optional. Sets the screen color. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw a circle, and clear it after 2 seconds
robot.screen.draw_circle(120, 120, 60)
wait(2, SECONDS)
robot.screen.clear_screen()

# Set the background color of the screen to red
robot.screen.clear_screen(RED)

set_font

set_font sets the font used for displaying text on the robot’s screen. This font will apply to all text printed with print or print_at. The default font at the start of a project is MONO24.

Usage:
robot.screen.set_font(fontname)

Parámetro	Descripción
fontname	Sets the font to one of the following: MONO12 MONO15 MONO20 MONO24 MONO30 MONO40 MONO60 PROP20 PROP30 PROP40 PROP60 These options are shown below.

MONO12	MONO15	MONO20
MONO24	MONO30	MONO40
MONO60	PROP20	PROP30
PROP40	PROP60

# Display text using a larger font
robot.screen.set_font(MONO40)
robot.screen.print("VEX")

set_pen_width

set_pen_width sets the thickness of drawn lines and shape outlines.

Usage:
robot.screen.set_pen_width(width)

Parámetro	Descripción
width	The pen width, in pixels, from 0 to 32.

# Draw a rectangle with a pen width of 10
robot.screen.set_pen_width(10)
robot.screen.draw_rectangle(50, 50, 130, 60)

set_pen_color

set_pen_color sets the color of text, pixels, lines, and shape outlines.

Usage:
robot.screen.set_pen_color(color)

Parámetro	Descripción
color	Optional. The pen and font color to use. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw a rectangle with a red pen
robot.screen.set_pen_color(RED)
robot.screen.draw_rectangle(50, 50, 130, 60)

set_fill_color

set_fill_color sets the fill color used when shapes are drawn and when printed text uses a background.

Usage:
robot.screen.set_fill_color(color)

Parámetro	Descripción
color	Optional. The fill color to use. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw two orange rectangles
robot.screen.set_fill_color(ORANGE)
robot.screen.draw_rectangle(50, 50, 100, 60)
robot.screen.draw_rectangle(50, 130, 100, 60)

# Display text with a purple background
robot.screen.set_fill_color(PURPLE)
robot.screen.print("Highlight")

Dibujar

draw_pixel

draw_pixel draws one pixel at the selected x and y coordinate using the current pen color.

Usage:
robot.screen.draw_pixel(x, y)

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La coordenada x donde se dibujará el píxel, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 240.
y	La coordenada y donde se dibujará el píxel, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 240.

# Draw a pixel at the center of the screen
robot.screen.draw_pixel(120, 120)

draw_line

draw_line draws a line from the first screen coordinate (x1, y1) to the second screen coordinate (x2, y2) using the current pen width and pen color.

The x and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0, 0) unless a different origin has been set using set_origin.

Usage:
robot.screen.draw_line(x1, y1, x2, y2)

Parámetro	Descripción
x1	La coordenada x inicial de la línea, expresada como un número entero entre 0 y 240.
y1	La coordenada y inicial de la línea, expresada como un número entero entre 0 y 240.
x2	La coordenada x final de la línea, expresada como un número entero entre 0 y 240.
y2	La coordenada y final de la línea, expresada como un número entero entre 0 y 240.

# Draw a line from the top left to bottom right of the screen
robot.screen.draw_line(0, 0, 240, 240)

draw_rectangle

draw_rectangle draws a rectangle with its top-left corner at the selected (x, y) coordinate and a size determined by the given width and height, all measured in pixels. The rectangle’s outline is drawn using the current pen width and pen color. The interior is filled with the current fill color, unless the optional color parameter is used.

The x and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0, 0) unless a different origin has been set using set_origin.

Usage:
robot.screen.draw_rectangle(x, y, width, height, color)

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La coordenada x de la esquina superior izquierda del rectángulo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 240.
y	La coordenada y de la esquina superior izquierda del rectángulo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 240.
width	El ancho del rectángulo, expresado como un número entero de 0 a 240.
height	La altura del rectángulo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 240.
color	Optional. The fill color of the rectangle. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw a red rectangle on the screen
robot.screen.draw_rectangle(50, 50, 130, 60, RED)

draw_circle

draw_circle draws a circle with its center at the selected (x, y) coordinate and a size determined by the given radius, all measured in pixels. The circle’s outline is drawn using the current pen width and pen color. The interior is filled with the current fill color, unless the optional color parameter is used.

The x and y-coordinates use the default origin of (0, 0) unless a different origin has been set using set_origin.

Usage:
robot.screen.draw_circle(x, y, radius, color)

Parámetro	Descripción
x	La coordenada x del centro del círculo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 240.
y	La coordenada y del centro del círculo, expresada como un número entero de 0 a 240.
radius	El radio del círculo, expresado como un número entero de 0 a 240 píxeles.
color	Optional. The fill color of the circle. Options include: BLACK BLUE CYAN GREEN ORANGE PURPLE RED TRANSPARENT WHITE YELLOW You can also specify a custom color.

# Draw a green circle on the screen
robot.screen.draw_circle(120, 120, 40, GREEN)

show_file

show_file displays a custom uploaded image on the robot’s screen, with its position set using the x, y, and center parameters based on the image’s reference point.

Usage:
robot.screen.show_file(file, x, y, center)

Parámetro	Descripción
file	The custom image to use, from IMAGE1 to IMAGE10. The image number matches the number shown in the AIM control panel.
x	El desplazamiento horizontal de la imagen, expresado como un entero en píxeles. Los valores positivos lo desplazan hacia la derecha; los negativos, hacia la izquierda.
y	El desplazamiento vertical de la imagen, expresado como un entero en píxeles. Los valores positivos lo desplazan hacia abajo; los negativos, hacia arriba.
center	Optional. If center=True, the image is placed using its center at coordinate (120, 120). By default (center=False), the top-left corner of the image is used and positioned relative to the current origin.

# Display uploaded Image 1 in the top left corner
robot.screen.show_file(IMAGE1, 0, 0)

# Show the same image on both sides of the screen
# Image size is 120 x 120
robot.screen.show_file(IMAGE1, 65, 0, center=True)
robot.screen.show_file(IMAGE1, -65, 0, center=True)

set_clip_region

set_clip_region defines a rectangular area on the screen where all drawings and text will be confined. Any content outside this region will not be displayed.

Usage:
robot.screen.set_clip_region(x, y, width, height)

Parámetro	Descripción
x	The x-coordinate of the top-left corner of the clip region, given as an decimal (float) from 0 to 240.
y	The y-coordinate of the top-left corner of the clip region, given as an decimal (float) from 0 to 240.
width	The width of the clip region in pixels, given as an decimal (float) from 0 to 240.
height	The height of the clip region in pixels, given as an decimal (float) from 0 to 240.

# Restrict text and drawings to a specific region
robot.screen.set_clip_region(0, 0, 120, 120)
robot.screen.draw_rectangle(60, 60, 100, 100, RED)
robot.screen.print_at("Cut off!", x=60, y=60)

Captura de pantalla de la pantalla del robot que muestra el texto y la imagen que se ajustan a la región de recorte. En el cuadrante superior izquierdo, el texto blanco dice “Cortar o”, con un cuadrado rojo justo debajo.

Callbacks

pressed

pressed registers a method to be called when the robot’s screen is pressed.

Usage:
robot.screen.pressed(callback, arg)

Parámetros	Descripción
callback	A function that is previously defined to execute when the controller screen is pressed.
arg	Optional. A tuple containing arguments to pass to the callback function. See Using Functions with Parameters for more information.

# Set the LEDs to green when the screen is pressed.
def screen_touched():
    robot.led.on(ALL_LEDS, GREEN)

robot.screen.pressed(screen_touched)

released

released registers a method to be called when the robot’s screen is released.

Usage:
robot.screen.released(callback, arg)

Parámetros	Descripción
callback	A function that is previously defined to execute when the controller screen is pressed.
arg	Optional. A tuple containing arguments to pass to the callback function. See Using Functions with Parameters for more information.

# Set the LEDs to blue when the screen is released.
def screen_released():
    robot.led.on(ALL_LEDS, BLUE)

robot.screen.released(screen_released)