Control#

Introducción #

Los controles incluyen métodos para la temporización, el flujo del programa, la lógica condicional y la finalización del proyecto. Estos controles permiten pausar la ejecución, crear bucles, definir rutas lógicas y finalizar un programa. A continuación, se muestra una lista de los controles disponibles, incluyendo métodos y palabras clave fundamentales de Python:

wait – Pauses execution for a given number of milliseconds or seconds.
for – Repeats code for each item in a sequence.
if – Executes code if a condition is true.
if/else – Runs different code depending on a condition.
if/elif/else – Checks multiple conditions in order.
while – Repeats code while a condition is true.
break – Exits a loop immediately.
stop_program – Ends the running program.
pass – Placeholder used when no action is needed.

Wait #

wait pauses for a specific amount of time before moving to the next method.

Usage:
wait(time, units)

Parámetros	Descripción
`time`	La cantidad de tiempo a esperar, como un entero positivo.
`units`	Milliseconds `MSEC` (default) or `SECONDS`.

# Move right for one second, then stop
robot.move_at(90)
wait(1, SECONDS)
robot.stop_all_movement()

For #

for iterates over a sequence (such as a list, tuple, dictionary, set, or string) or any iterable object. It executes the block of code once for each item in the sequence.

Uso:

for value in expression_list:
    pass

Parámetros	Descripción
`value`	Una variable temporal que almacena el elemento actual en la iteración.
`expression_list`	La colección de elementos que se recorren en un bucle (por ejemplo, lista, cadena, rango).

# Move in a square path.
for index in range(4):
    robot.move_for(50, 0)
    robot.turn_for(RIGHT, 90)

# Print each item in the list
colors = ["Red", "Green", "Blue"]

for color in colors:
    robot.screen.print(color)
    robot.screen.next_row()

Muestra tres objetos que se están imprimiendo en la pantalla.

If #

if executes the indented block of code if the condition evaluates as True.

Uso:

if condition:
    pass

Parámetros	Descripción
`condition`	An expression or variable that is evaluated when the statement runs. If it evaluates as `True`, the code inside the `if` block executes; if it evaluates as `False`, the block is skipped.

# Kick when the screen is pressed
while True:
    if robot.screen.pressing():
        robot.kicker.kick(MEDIUM)
    wait(0.1, SECONDS)

If/Else #

if and else determine which indented block of code runs based on whether the condition evaluates as True or False.

Uso:

if condition:
    pass
else:
    pass

Parámetros	Descripción
`condition`	An expression or variable that is evaluated when the statement runs. If it evaluates as `True`, the code inside the `if` block executes; if it evaluates as `False`, the code inside the `else` block executes instead.

# Show one emoji when the screen is pressed,
# and a different emoji when not pressed
while True:
    if robot.screen.pressing():
        robot.screen.show_emoji(EXCITED)

    else:
        robot.screen.show_emoji(BORED)
    
    wait(0.1, SECONDS)

If/Elif/Else #

The if/elif/else structure selects which indented block of code runs based on conditions:

if runs its block if the condition evaluates as True.
elif checks additional conditions only if all previous conditions evaluated as False. Multiple elif statements can be used.
else runs its block only if none of the previous conditions evaluated as True.

Uso:

if condition:
    pass
elif condition:
    pass
else:
    pass

Parámetros	Descripción
`condition`	An expression or variable that is evaluated when the statement runs. The first condition that evaluates as `True` determines which block executes; if none are `True`, the `else` block runs.

# Move the robot forward or reverse
# based on the position of the joystick
def when_axis_changed():
    position = controller.axis1.position()
    if position > 0:
        robot.move_at(0)
    elif position < 0:
        robot.move_at(180)
    else:
        robot.stop_all_movement()

controller.axis1.changed(when_axis_changed)

While #

while repeatedly runs methods as long as the condition is True. It can also be used like a “Wait until” by adding not to the condition, as shown in the example below.

Uso:

while condition:
    pass

Parámetros	Descripción
`condition`	An expression or variable that is evaluated before each iteration. If it evaluates as `True`, the loop continues; if it evaluates as `False`, the loop stops.

# Keep the LEDs green while the robot is moving
robot.move_for(200, 0, wait=False)
while robot.is_move_active():
    robot.led.on(ALL_LEDS, GREEN)
    wait(50, MSEC)

robot.led.on(ALL_LEDS, BLACK)

while True:
    # Continually flash all LEDs red then green.
    robot.led.on(ALL_LEDS, RED)
    wait(0.5, SECONDS)
    robot.led.on(ALL_LEDS, GREEN)
    wait(0.5, SECONDS)

# Wait until the screen is pressed before
# turning off the LEDs
while not robot.screen.pressing():
    robot.led.on(ALL_LEDS, RED)
    wait(50, MSEC)

robot.led.on(ALL_LEDS, BLACK)

Break #

break exits a loop immediately.

# Flash LEDs until the screen is pressed
while True:
    robot.led.on(ALL_LEDS, RED)
    wait(0.5, SECONDS)
    robot.led.on(ALL_LEDS, GREEN)
    wait(0.5, SECONDS)

    if robot.screen.pressing():
        break

# Turn the LEDs Off
robot.led.off(ALL_LEDS)

Stop Program #

stop_program ends a running project.

Usage:
robot.stop_program()

Parámetros	Descripción
	Este método no tiene parámetros.

# Stop the project once the screen is pressed
while True:
    robot.led.on(ALL_LEDS, RED)
    wait(0.5, SECONDS)
    robot.led.on(ALL_LEDS, GREEN)
    wait(0.5, SECONDS)
    if robot.screen.pressing():
        robot.stop_program()

Pass #

pass is a placeholder for future code and can be used to avoid errors in empty loops, conditionals, and functions.

if condition:
    pass

def function():
    pass